{"id":58209,"date":"2023-05-09T09:04:27","date_gmt":"2023-05-09T09:04:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi"},"modified":"2023-05-09T09:04:27","modified_gmt":"2023-05-09T09:04:27","slug":"testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi","title":{"rendered":"Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: Co to je, jak funguje, v\u00fdzvy, metriky, n\u00e1stroje a dal\u0161\u00ed!"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><\/h1>\n<p>White box je kategorie testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 metod testov\u00e1n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury a n\u00e1vrhu softwaru. Je to kontrast k testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, co\u017e je testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nezab\u00fdv\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00edmi operacemi softwaru, ale testuje pouze vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupy softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat t\u00e9matem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk: co to je, jak funguje a jak\u00e9 typy n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru mohou tester\u016fm a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pomoci p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Co_je_to_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Kdy_a_proc_potrebujete_bily_box\" >1. Kdy a pro\u010d pot\u0159ebujete b\u00edl\u00fd box<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#testovani_v_oblasti_testovani_softwaru_a_inzenyrstvi\" >testov\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Kdyz_nepotrebujete_provadet_testovani_bileho_pole\" >2. Kdy\u017e nepot\u0159ebujete prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Kdo_se_podili_na_testovani_bilych_skrinek\" >3. Kdo se pod\u00edl\u00ed na testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Vyhody_testovani_bileho_pole\" >V\u00fdhody testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Maximalizujte_pokryti_testu\" >1. Maximalizujte pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Vyhledavani_skrytych_chyb_a_omylu\" >2. Vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed skryt\u00fdch chyb a omyl\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Snadna_automatizace\" >3. Snadn\u00e1 automatizace<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Casove_efektivni\" >4. \u010casov\u011b efektivn\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Kvalita_kodu\" >5. Kvalita k\u00f3du<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Vyzvy_testovani_bilych_skrinek\" >V\u00fdzvy testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Technicke_prekazky\" >1. Technick\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Naklady\" >2. N\u00e1klady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Presnost\" >3. P\u0159esnost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Oblast_pusobnosti\" >4. Oblast p\u016fsobnosti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Charakteristiky_testu_white_box\" >Charakteristiky test\u016f white box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Udrzovatelnost\" >1. Udr\u017eovatelnost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Flexibilita\" >2. Flexibilita<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Modularita\" >3. Modularita<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Integrace\" >4. Integrace<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Co_testujeme_v_testech_white_box\" >Co testujeme v testech white box?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Vnitrni_bezpecnostni_diry\" >1. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Cesty_v_procesech_kodovani\" >2. Cesty v procesech k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Ocekavane_vystupy\" >3. O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Prikazy_objekty_a_funkce\" >4. P\u0159\u00edkazy, objekty a funkce<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Funkcnost_podminenych_smycek\" >5. Funk\u010dnost podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch smy\u010dek<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Vyjasneni_nekterych_nejasnosti\" >Vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejasnost\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Testovani_White_box_vs_Black_box_vs_Grey_box\" >Testov\u00e1n\u00ed White box vs. Black box vs. Grey box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Co_je_to_testovani_cerne_skrinky\" >1. Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Jake_jsou_rozdily_mezi_testovanim_bile_a_cerne_skrinky\" >Jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly mezi testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Ucel\" >\u00da\u010del<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Proces\" >Proces<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Testery\" >Testery<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Techniky\" >Techniky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Operace\" >Operace<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Co_je_to_testovani_sedeho_boxu\" >2. Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho boxu?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Jake_jsou_rozdily_mezi_testovani_bileho_a_sedeho_boxu\" >Jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly mezi testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho a \u0161ed\u00e9ho boxu?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Strukturalni_znalosti\" >Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed znalosti<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zucastnene_osoby\" >Z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 osoby<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Ucinnost\" >\u00da\u010dinnost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Operace-2\" >Operace<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Pokryti\" >Pokryt\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zaver\" >Z\u00e1v\u011br:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Bila_skrinka_vs_cerna_skrinka_vs_testovani_sede_skrinky\" >B\u00edl\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka vs. \u010dern\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka vs. testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Testovani_cerne_skrinky\" >1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Testovani_bile_skrinky\" >2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Testovani_sede_skrinky\" >3. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Typy_testu_white_box\" >Typy test\u016f white box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Testovani_cesty\" >1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Testovani_smycky\" >2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Podminene_testovani\" >3. Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Testovani_jednotek\" >4. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Testovani_mutaci\" >5. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Integracni_testovani\" >6. Integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_Penetracni_testovani\" >7. Penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Techniky_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >Techniky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Pokryti_vykazu\" >1. Pokryt\u00ed v\u00fdkaz\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Pokryti_vetvi\" >2. Pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Pokryti_cesty\" >3. Pokryt\u00ed cesty<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Pokryti_rozhodnuti\" >4. Pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Pokryti_podminek\" >5. Pokryt\u00ed podm\u00ednek<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Pokryti_vice_stavu\" >6. Pokryt\u00ed v\u00edce stav\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_Pokryti_konecnych_stavovych_stroju\" >7. Pokryt\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00fdch stavov\u00fdch stroj\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#8_Testovani_ridiciho_toku\" >8. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho toku<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zivotni_cyklus_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >\u017divotn\u00ed cyklus testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#ve_vyvoji_softwaru\" >ve v\u00fdvoji softwaru<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Manualni_nebo_automatizovane_testy_bile_skrinky\" >Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo automatizovan\u00e9 testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Manualni_testovani_bile_skrinky_vyhody_problemy_a_postupy\" >Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: v\u00fdhody, probl\u00e9my a postupy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Hloubka\" >1. Hloubka<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Umisteni_chyby\" >2. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed chyby<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Rychlost\" >3. Rychlost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Presnost\" >1. P\u0159esnost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Cas\" >2. \u010cas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Naklady\" >3. N\u00e1klady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Skalovatelnost\" >4. \u0160k\u00e1lovatelnost<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Automatizovane_testovani_bile_skrinky_vyhody\" >Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: v\u00fdhody,<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#vyzvy_a_procesy\" >v\u00fdzvy a procesy<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Presnost-2\" >1. P\u0159esnost<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Cas-2\" >2. \u010cas<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Meritko\" >3. M\u011b\u0159\u00edtko<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Naklady\" >4. N\u00e1klady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Sledovani_chyb\" >1. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Dovednosti\" >2. Dovednosti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zaver_Manualni_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >Z\u00e1v\u011br: Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#nebo_automatizace_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >nebo automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Co_potrebujete_pro_zacatek\" >Co pot\u0159ebujete pro za\u010d\u00e1tek<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#testovani_bile_skrinky\" >testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Porozumeni_zdrojovemu_kodu\" >1. Porozum\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9mu k\u00f3du<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Testovaci_pripady\" >2. Testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >3. N\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Proces_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >Proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_1_Identifikace_testovanych_funkci\" >Krok 1: Identifikace testovan\u00fdch funkc\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_2_Zakreslete_vsechny_mozne_cesty_do_grafu_toku\" >Krok 2: Zakreslete v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty do grafu tok\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_3_Identifikace_vsech_moznych_cest\" >Krok 3: Identifikace v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch cest<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_4_Vytvoreni_testovacich_pripadu\" >Krok 4: Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_5_Spusteni_testovacich_pripadu\" >Krok 5: Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Krok_6_Opakujte_cyklus_podle_potreby\" >Krok 6: Opakujte cyklus podle pot\u0159eby<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Osvedcene_postupy_pro_testovani_bileho_ramecku\" >Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Maximalizujte_pokryti_testu-2\" >1. Maximalizujte pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Overeni_chovani_a_vykonu\" >2. Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdkonu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Piste_testovaci_pripady_nezavisle_na_sobe\" >3. Pi\u0161te testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Pokryti_vsech_cest_a_smycek\" >4. Pokryt\u00ed v\u0161ech cest a smy\u010dek<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_chyb_a_nastrah_pri\" >7 chyb a n\u00e1strah p\u0159i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Implementace_testu_bileho_ramecku\" >Implementace test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Domnivate_se_ze_testovani_bile_skrinky_neni_nutne\" >1. Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Provadeni_vsech_testu_bilych_skrinek_rucne\" >2. Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech test\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk ru\u010dn\u011b<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Prideleni_testeru_k_provadeni_testovacich_pripadu\" >3. P\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed tester\u016f k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Spech_pri_testovani\" >4. Sp\u011bch p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Spatna_dokumentace\" >5. \u0160patn\u00e1 dokumentace<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Nespravne_pouzivani_automatizacnich_nastroju\" >6. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed automatiza\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_Nespoluprace_s_tymem_QA\" >7. Nespolupr\u00e1ce s t\u00fdmem QA<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Typy_vystupu_z_white_box_testu\" >Typy v\u00fdstup\u016f z white box test\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Vysledky_testu\" >1. V\u00fdsledky test\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-115\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Vady\" >2. Vady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-116\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Zkusebni_protokoly\" >3. Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed protokoly<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-117\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Priklady_testu_bileho_ramecku\" >P\u0159\u00edklady test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-118\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Priklad_registracni_stranky_elektronickeho_obchodu\" >1. P\u0159\u00edklad registra\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nky elektronick\u00e9ho obchodu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-119\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Priklad_kalkulacky\" >2. P\u0159\u00edklad kalkula\u010dky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-120\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Typy_chyb_a_omylu_pri_testovani_white_boxu\" >Typy chyb a omyl\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-121\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Logicke_chyby\" >1. Logick\u00e9 chyby<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-122\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Chyby_navrhu\" >2. Chyby n\u00e1vrhu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-123\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Typograficke_chyby\" >3. Typografick\u00e9 chyby<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-124\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Bezne_metriky_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 metriky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-125\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Pokryti_kodu\" >1. Pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-126\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Metriky_zavad\" >2. Metriky z\u00e1vad<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-127\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Provedeni_testu\" >3. Proveden\u00ed testu<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-128\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Doba_trvani_testu\" >4. Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed testu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-129\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >N\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-130\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_nejlepsich_bezplatnych_nastroju_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >5 nejlep\u0161\u00edch bezplatn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-131\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_ZAPTEST_FREE_edition\" >1. ZAPTEST FREE edition<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-132\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Bugzilla\" >2. Bugzilla<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-133\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_OpenGrok\" >3. OpenGrok<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-134\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_SQLmap\" >4. SQLmap<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-135\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Emma\" >5. Emma<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-136\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_nejlepsich_nastroju_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky_v_podniku\" >5 nejlep\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v podniku<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-137\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_edition\" >1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE edition<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-138\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Skripec\" >2. Sk\u0159ipec<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-139\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_HP_Fortify\" >3. HP Fortify<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-140\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Jednotka_ABAP\" >4. Jednotka ABAP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-141\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_LDRA\" >5. LDRA<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-142\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Kdy_byste_meli_pouzivat_podnikove\" >Kdy byste m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat podnikov\u00e9<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-143\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#versus_bezplatne_nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >versus bezplatn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-144\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Testovani_bile_skrinky_kontrolni_seznam_tipy_a_triky\" >Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: kontroln\u00ed seznam, tipy a triky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-145\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Pouziti_automatizacnich_nastroju\" >1. Pou\u017eit\u00ed automatiza\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-146\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Usilujte_o_100_pokryti_testy\" >2. Usilujte o 100% pokryt\u00ed testy<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-147\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Vypracovani_prehlednych_zkusebnich_protokolu\" >3. Vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehledn\u00fdch zku\u0161ebn\u00edch protokol\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-148\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Mereni_uspechu_pomoci_testovacich_metrik\" >4. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bchu pomoc\u00ed testovac\u00edch metrik<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-149\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Testovani_bile_skrinky\" >Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-150\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zaver-2\" >Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-151\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Casto_kladene_dotazy_a_zdroje\" >\u010casto kladen\u00e9 dotazy a zdroje<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-152\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Nejlepsi_kurzy_automatizace_testovani_bile_skrinky\" >1. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed kurzy automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-153\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Jakych_je_pet_nejcastejsich_otazek_pri_pohovoru_o_automatizaci_testovani_bilych_skrinek\" >2. Jak\u00fdch je p\u011bt nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1zek p\u0159i pohovoru o automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-154\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Nejlepsi_navody_na_testovani_bileho_ramecku_na_YouTube\" >3. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1vody na testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku na YouTube<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-155\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Jak_udrzovat_testy_bile_skrinky\" >4. Jak udr\u017eovat testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-156\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zapracovani_udrzby_do_navrhu_testu\" >Zapracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby do n\u00e1vrhu test\u016f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-157\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Umoznit_jasnou_komunikaci_mezi_tymy\" >Umo\u017enit jasnou komunikaci mezi t\u00fdmy:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-158\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Budte_prizpusobivi\" >Bu\u010fte p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-159\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Neustale_prehodnocujte_testovaci_protokoly\" >Neust\u00e1le p\u0159ehodnocujte testovac\u00ed protokoly:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-160\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-bile-skrinky-co-to-je-jak-funguje-vyzvy-metriky-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Nejlepsi_knihy_o_testovani_bilych_skrinek\" >5. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed knihy o testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_to_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je technika testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00e1 zahrnuje testov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury a n\u00e1vrhu softwarov\u00e9ho sestaven\u00ed na rozd\u00edl od vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdstup\u016f nebo zku\u0161enost\u00ed koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele, kter\u00e9 se testuj\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je zast\u0159e\u0161uj\u00edc\u00ed pojem, kter\u00fd zahrnuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru v\u010detn\u011b <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-jednotek-hloubkovy-ponor-do-procesu-vyhod-vyzev-nastroju-a-dalsiho\">testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-integracni-testovani-hluboky-ponor-do-typu-procesu-a-implementace\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">integra\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu zahrnuje testov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du a programov\u00e1n\u00ed, vy\u017eaduje testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu obvykle ur\u010dit\u00e9 znalosti po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho programov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v softwarov\u00e9m in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du a vnit\u0159n\u00edho n\u00e1vrhu softwaru s c\u00edlem ov\u011b\u0159it vstupn\u011b-v\u00fdstupn\u00ed tok a zkontrolovat n\u00e1vrh, pou\u017eitelnost a zabezpe\u010den\u00ed softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky umo\u017e\u0148uje tester\u016fm prozkoumat vnit\u0159n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a z\u00e1rove\u0148 ov\u011b\u0159it, \u017ee vstupy vedou k ur\u010dit\u00fdm o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm v\u00fdstup\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je z\u00e1kladn\u00edm krokem p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, proto\u017ee je to jedin\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd zohled\u0148uje fungov\u00e1n\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Kdy_a_proc_potrebujete_bily_box\"><\/span><strong>1. Kdy a pro\u010d pot\u0159ebujete b\u00edl\u00fd box  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"testovani_v_oblasti_testovani_softwaru_a_inzenyrstvi\"><\/span><strong>testov\u00e1n\u00ed v oblasti testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze prov\u00e1d\u011bt v r\u016fzn\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch testovac\u00edho cyklu, aby se ov\u011b\u0159ila funk\u010dnost vnit\u0159n\u00edho k\u00f3du a struktury.<\/p>\n<p>Nej\u010dast\u011bji se white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed, kdy\u017e v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a teste\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek a n\u011bkdy tak\u00e9 b\u011bhem integra\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Podle definice je testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek pova\u017eov\u00e1no za druh testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, zat\u00edmco integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt spole\u010dn\u00e9 rysy <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-cerne-skrinky-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> b\u00edl\u00e9 i <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-cerne-skrinky-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">\u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a>, ale obecn\u011b je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za formu testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Jinak lze testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/ad-hoc-testovani-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">ad hoc<\/a> k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed sestaven\u00ed softwaru. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk je nejekonomi\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, jak zv\u00fd\u0161it pokryt\u00ed test\u016f, pokud je to pot\u0159eba, a je to tak\u00e9 snadn\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak ov\u011b\u0159it, jak funguj\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti k\u00f3du, nebo otestovat oblasti sestaven\u00ed softwaru, u kter\u00fdch maj\u00ed teste\u0159i podez\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee nejsou dostate\u010dn\u011b otestov\u00e1ny.<\/p>\n<p>K identifikaci bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch chyb a dal\u0161\u00edch zranitelnost\u00ed lze vyu\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 form\u00e1ln\u00ed revize k\u00f3du, kter\u00e9 se prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. Stejn\u011b tak v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 prvky k\u00f3du nefunk\u010dn\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole pomoci softwarov\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm ur\u010dit, kde je chyba.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Kdyz_nepotrebujete_provadet_testovani_bileho_pole\"><\/span><strong>2. Kdy\u017e nepot\u0159ebujete prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kdy softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a teste\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed testovac\u00ed cyklus nov\u00e9 softwarov\u00e9 sestavy, je nutn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st ur\u010dit\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, aby se ov\u011b\u0159ilo vnit\u0159n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek je typem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, aby ov\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 jednotky funguj\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento v\u010dasn\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm identifikovat chyby a nedostatky je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e prob\u011bhne form\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v prost\u0159ed\u00ed QA.<\/p>\n<p>Po testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek n\u00e1sleduje integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-systemu-podrobny-prehled-pristupu-typu-nastroju-tipu-a-triku-a-dalsich-informaci\">syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-uat-hluboky-ponor-do-vyznamu-uzivatelske-akceptace-typy-procesy-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 akcepta\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>. Ty jsou obecn\u011b pova\u017eov\u00e1ny za formy testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 obvykle nezahrnuj\u00ed mnoho technik testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>V n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech v\u0161ak mohou teste\u0159i a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i v t\u011bchto f\u00e1z\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, aby identifikovali konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed chyby v k\u00f3du. Pokud v t\u00e9to f\u00e1zi nic nenasv\u011bd\u010duje tomu, \u017ee by s k\u00f3dem bylo n\u011bco v nepo\u0159\u00e1dku, a v\u0161echny testy \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky projdou, mnoho testovac\u00edch t\u00fdm\u016f se m\u016f\u017ee domn\u00edvat, \u017ee nen\u00ed t\u0159eba prov\u00e1d\u011bt dal\u0161\u00ed testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Kdo_se_podili_na_testovani_bilych_skrinek\"><\/span><strong>3. Kdo se pod\u00edl\u00ed na testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i softwaru a softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i. Je to proto, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu vy\u017eaduje detailn\u00ed znalost po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a k\u00f3dovac\u00edch technik a v\u011bt\u0161ina <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/qa-test-automation\">tester\u016f QA<\/a> nem\u00e1 technick\u00e9 dovednosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek, hlavn\u00ed typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku, prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i v\u017edy ve v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m prost\u0159ed\u00ed. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mohou tak\u00e9 podle pot\u0159eby prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu, aby ov\u011b\u0159ili, jak funguj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 prvky k\u00f3du, nebo zkontrolovali, zda byly chyby spr\u00e1vn\u011b opraveny.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyhody_testovani_bileho_pole\"><\/span><strong>V\u00fdhody testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56711\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-software-testing-processes-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"kontroln\u00ed seznam proces\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"445\" height=\"296\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a softwarov\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm testovat v\u00edce aspekt\u016f k\u00f3du ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edci, jak sestaven\u00ed softwaru funguje pro koncov\u00e9 u\u017eivatele, testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edci v\u00edce o tom, jak softwarov\u00fd k\u00f3d funguje. \u010cist\u00fd a efektivn\u00ed k\u00f3d je p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji softwaru nezbytn\u00fd, zejm\u00e9na pokud cht\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i k\u00f3d pozd\u011bji znovu pou\u017e\u00edt nebo v budoucnu p\u0159id\u00e1vat opravy a aktualizace.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Maximalizujte_pokryti_testu\"><\/span><strong>1. Maximalizujte pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee tester\u016fm pomoci maximalizovat pokryt\u00ed test\u016f. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti softwarov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du obvykle maximalizuje \u0161anci na odhalen\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fdch chyb nebo nedostatk\u016f v k\u00f3du a \u00fa\u010delem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole je obvykle otestovat co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Naproti tomu p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jde jednodu\u0161e o prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 mohou, ale nemus\u00ed nab\u00edzet \u0161irok\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Vyhledavani_skrytych_chyb_a_omylu\"><\/span><strong>2. Vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed skryt\u00fdch chyb a omyl\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdhod white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed je, \u017ee d\u00edky tomu, \u017ee white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159uje intern\u00ed funk\u010dnost, je pro v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e snaz\u0161\u00ed naj\u00edt chyby a nedostatky, kter\u00e9 by jinak mohly b\u00fdt skryty hluboko v k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b identifikace p\u0159\u00edtomnosti chyb je p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole obvykle snaz\u0161\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit, kde v k\u00f3dov\u00e9 b\u00e1zi se chyba nach\u00e1z\u00ed, proto\u017ee tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed je velmi specifick\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Snadna_automatizace\"><\/span><strong>3. Snadn\u00e1 automatizace<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Automatizovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku je velmi snadn\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek. Jednotkov\u00e9 testy obvykle vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i testovali mal\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti k\u00f3du jednotliv\u011b a zji\u0161\u0165ovali, zda b\u011b\u017e\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Tento postup lze velmi snadno automatizovat, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o rychlou a efektivn\u00ed formu testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>To je jeden z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d se jednotkov\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159ed jin\u00fdmi, \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Casove_efektivni\"><\/span><strong>4. \u010casov\u011b efektivn\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole je \u010dasov\u011b \u00fasporn\u00e9 z n\u011bkolika d\u016fvod\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, v\u011bt\u0161inu typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze pom\u011brn\u011b snadno automatizovat, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je \u010dasto rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. Krom\u011b toho testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu usnad\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm hled\u00e1n\u00ed chyb a nedostatk\u016f, kter\u00e9 v k\u00f3du identifikuj\u00ed, proto\u017ee je nach\u00e1zej\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Kvalita_kodu\"><\/span><strong>5. Kvalita k\u00f3du<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pod\u00edvat se na napsan\u00fd k\u00f3d z druh\u00e9 strany a posoudit jeho kvalitu a \u010distotu.<\/p>\n<p>Proch\u00e1zen\u00ed k\u00f3du po \u010d\u00e1stech d\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm mo\u017enost odstranit nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti k\u00f3du a vy\u010distit k\u00f3d, co\u017e usnad\u0148uje jeho opakovan\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed a \u00fapravy v budoucnu.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e to tak\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee donutit k tomu, aby zv\u00e1\u017eili, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem je k\u00f3d implementov\u00e1n a zda se bude v budoucnu dob\u0159e \u0161k\u00e1lovat.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyzvy_testovani_bilych_skrinek\"><\/span><strong>V\u00fdzvy testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/challenges-load-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee\" width=\"524\" height=\"349\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole nen\u00ed bez probl\u00e9m\u016f. Existuje n\u011bkolik d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, a tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvody, pro\u010d je n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed lid\u00e9 pova\u017euj\u00ed za m\u00e9n\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Technicke_prekazky\"><\/span><strong>1. Technick\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky s sebou nese technick\u00e9 p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, kter\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nem\u00e1. K testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed teste\u0159i znalost vnit\u0159n\u00edho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, co\u017e v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru obvykle znamen\u00e1 znalost programov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Proto testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a neprov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed je teste\u0159i QA, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed jen z\u0159\u00eddka technick\u00e9 dovednosti pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed tohoto typu testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Naklady\"><\/span><strong>2. N\u00e1klady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed je d\u016fkladn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mus\u00ed str\u00e1vit spoustu \u010dasu psan\u00edm n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdch unit test\u016f a white box testy \u010dasto nelze opakovan\u011b pou\u017e\u00edt pro jin\u00e9 aplikace, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee proveden\u00ed white box test\u016f obvykle stoj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b hodn\u011b pen\u011bz.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Presnost\"><\/span><strong>3. P\u0159esnost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nen\u00ed v\u017edy nejp\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metodou testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, a pokud by se v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy spol\u00e9haly pouze na testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, vedlo by to k mnoha p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnut\u00fdm chyb\u00e1m a p\u0159\u00edpad\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky ov\u011b\u0159uje pouze ji\u017e existuj\u00edc\u00ed funkce, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze pou\u017e\u00edt k testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b implementovan\u00fdch funkc\u00ed nebo k identifikaci funkc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v softwaru skute\u010dn\u011b chyb\u00ed a m\u011bly by b\u00fdt zahrnuty do pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edch iterac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Oblast_pusobnosti\"><\/span><strong>4. Oblast p\u016fsobnosti<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky n\u00e1m obvykle ne\u0159ekne mnoho o u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti nebo o kone\u010dn\u00e9m v\u00fdsledku funkc\u00ed zabudovan\u00fdch do softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i sice mohou pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky ov\u011b\u0159it, zda k\u00f3d funguje tak, jak m\u00e1, ale nemohou pak doj\u00edt k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee funk\u010dn\u00ed k\u00f3d poskytuje koncov\u00fdm u\u017eivatel\u016fm spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy, ani\u017e by kombinovali testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky s testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee rozsah testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu a to, kolik n\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee \u0159\u00edci o softwaru, je omezen\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Charakteristiky_testu_white_box\"><\/span><strong>Charakteristiky test\u016f white box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29132\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/What-is-Load-testing--1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee a testov\u00e1n\u00ed ad hoc?\" width=\"591\" height=\"395\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze definovat na z\u00e1klad\u011b ur\u010dit\u00fdch charakteristik, kter\u00e9 jej odli\u0161uj\u00ed od jin\u00fdch forem testov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 a \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161inu t\u011bchto charakteristik lze posoudit z hlediska toho, jak se li\u0161\u00ed od charakteristik testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a jak se t\u00edm li\u0161\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Udrzovatelnost\"><\/span><strong>1. Udr\u017eovatelnost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk vede k vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovni udr\u017eovatelnosti k\u00f3du a zjednodu\u0161uje pr\u00e1ci, kterou mus\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm vykon\u00e1vat v budoucnu.<\/p>\n<p>Proto\u017ee k\u00f3d a jeho pr\u00e1ci s daty neust\u00e1le sledujete, je jeho \u00fadr\u017eba mnohem jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee ch\u00e1pete, kde a pro\u010d vznikaj\u00ed probl\u00e9my. T\u00edm se tak\u00e9 zjednodu\u0161uje k\u00f3d pro budouc\u00ed aktualizace, proto\u017ee nemus\u00edte vyv\u00edjet rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 a slo\u017eit\u00e9 z\u00e1platy pro nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 a jednoduch\u00e9 probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Flexibilita\"><\/span><strong>2. Flexibilita<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky prob\u00edh\u00e1 na k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd je dostate\u010dn\u011b flexibiln\u00ed, aby mohl relativn\u011b rychle p\u0159ij\u00edmat zm\u011bny. Nepru\u017en\u00fd k\u00f3d, nap\u0159\u00edklad k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed modulu nebo integrace t\u0159et\u00ed strany, znemo\u017e\u0148uje testerovi b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole prov\u00e1d\u011bt rychl\u00e9 zm\u011bny.<\/p>\n<p>Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed na k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017eete zm\u011bnit, jakmile objev\u00edte probl\u00e9m, \u010din\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu vysoce p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00fdm a znamen\u00e1, \u017ee probl\u00e9my programu jsou vy\u0159e\u0161eny mnohem d\u0159\u00edve.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Modularita\"><\/span><strong>3. Modularita<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se da\u0159\u00ed v k\u00f3du, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 ur\u010ditou m\u00edru modularity, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee jednotliv\u00e9 prvky softwaru jsou od sebe jasn\u011b odli\u0161eny.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se v programu vyskytuje probl\u00e9m &#8222;\u0161pagetov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du&#8220;, v n\u011bm\u017e je ka\u017ed\u00fd aspekt sv\u00e1z\u00e1n s jin\u00fdm, st\u00e1v\u00e1 se testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nekone\u010dn\u011b slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee tester mus\u00ed prov\u011b\u0159it cel\u00fd program, a nikoliv konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed jednotku.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Integrace\"><\/span><strong>4. Integrace<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Teste\u0159i mohou zjistit, zda funkce funguje a\u017e do okam\u017eiku, kdy opust\u00ed dan\u00fd software, a zda se z integrovan\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu vr\u00e1t\u00ed tak funk\u010dn\u00ed, jak se o\u010dek\u00e1valo.<\/p>\n<p>To m\u00e1 vysokou vypov\u00eddac\u00ed hodnotu a umo\u017e\u0148uje organizaci zjistit, zda je probl\u00e9m lok\u00e1ln\u00ed, nebo zda je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed integrovan\u00e9 platformy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_testujeme_v_testech_white_box\"><\/span><strong>Co testujeme v testech white box?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29068\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Unit-Testing--1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek?\" width=\"559\" height=\"373\"><\/p>\n<p>Testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k testov\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed k\u00f3du, kter\u00e9 nelze ov\u011b\u0159it metodami testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. To m\u016f\u017ee znamenat testov\u00e1n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed samotn\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm umo\u017en\u00ed pochopit p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny a n\u00e1sledky r\u016fzn\u00fdch aspekt\u016f k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole k testov\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch mezer, p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a funkc\u00ed, v\u00fdstup\u016f a cest v k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Vnitrni_bezpecnostni_diry\"><\/span><strong>1. Vnit\u0159n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed d\u00edry<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze pou\u017e\u00edt k hled\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch mezer a zranitelnost\u00ed v k\u00f3du, kter\u00e9 by hacke\u0159i a kyberzlo\u010dinci mohli v budoucnu vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky lze pou\u017e\u00edt ke kontrole, zda byly ve f\u00e1zi v\u00fdvoje dodr\u017eeny osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, a k hled\u00e1n\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00edch chyb, kter\u00e9 by bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 opravit p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e k\u00f3d postoup\u00ed k dal\u0161\u00edmu testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Cesty_v_procesech_kodovani\"><\/span><strong>2. Cesty v procesech k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm testovat cesty, kter\u00e9 spojuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 prvky k\u00f3du. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i netestuj\u00ed pouze logiku k\u00f3du, ale mohou se zam\u011b\u0159it tak\u00e9 na strukturu a hygienu k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Dobr\u00fd a \u010dist\u00fd k\u00f3d neobsahuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky nebo nefunk\u010dn\u00ed prvky, kter\u00e9 nefunguj\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, i kdy\u017e extern\u00ed v\u00fdstupy testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Ocekavane_vystupy\"><\/span><strong>3. O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 testovat o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy k\u00f3du stejn\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem jako testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, a\u010dkoli teste\u0159i tak \u010din\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e na z\u00e1klad\u011b k\u00f3du ne\u017e pomoc\u00ed aplikace, jak to mohou d\u011blat teste\u0159i p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i testuj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy tak, \u017ee postupn\u011b ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed vstupy a kontroluj\u00ed, zda v\u00fdsledn\u00fd v\u00fdstup odpov\u00edd\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Prikazy_objekty_a_funkce\"><\/span><strong>4. P\u0159\u00edkazy, objekty a funkce<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i softwaru mohou pomoc\u00ed technik white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed zajistit, aby se p\u0159\u00edkazy, objekty a funkce v k\u00f3du chovaly logicky a vedly k o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdm v\u00fdstup\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Funkcnost_podminenych_smycek\"><\/span><strong>5. Funk\u010dnost podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch smy\u010dek<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole lze pou\u017e\u00edt tak\u00e9 ke kontrole funk\u010dnosti podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch smy\u010dek, v\u010detn\u011b jednoduch\u00fdch, spojovan\u00fdch a vno\u0159en\u00fdch smy\u010dek. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i budou kontrolovat, zda jsou tyto smy\u010dky efektivn\u00ed, zda spl\u0148uj\u00ed po\u017eadavky na podm\u00edn\u011bnou logiku a zda spr\u00e1vn\u011b pracuj\u00ed s lok\u00e1ln\u00edmi a glob\u00e1ln\u00edmi prom\u011bnn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyjasneni_nekterych_nejasnosti\"><\/span><strong>Vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejasnost\u00ed: <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testovani_White_box_vs_Black_box_vs_Grey_box\"><\/span><strong>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed White box vs. Black box vs. Grey box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/UAT-testing-comparison-to-regression-testing-and-other-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed UAT s regresn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm a dal\u0161\u00edmi testy\" width=\"597\" height=\"398\"><\/p>\n<p>White box testing, black box testing a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-sede-skrinky-hluboky-ponor-do-toho-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">grey box testing<\/a> jsou term\u00edny, kter\u00e9 teste\u0159i softwaru pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 kategorie testov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo r\u016fzn\u00e9 metody testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Modern\u00ed pohled na tyto rozd\u00edly v testov\u00e1n\u00ed je takov\u00fd, \u017ee hranice mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1le v\u00edce st\u00edraj\u00ed, proto\u017ee r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasto kombinuj\u00ed prvky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 i \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a odvozuj\u00ed testy z dokument\u016f na r\u016fzn\u00fdch \u00farovn\u00edch abstrakce.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159esto v\u0161ak mezi t\u011bmito formami testov\u00e1n\u00ed existuj\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozd\u00edly.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Co_je_to_testovani_cerne_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>1. Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je forma testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 teste\u0159i kontroluj\u00ed funk\u010dnost softwaru, ani\u017e by znali vnit\u0159n\u00ed strukturu k\u00f3du nebo zp\u016fsob implementace k\u00f3du na vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed technick\u00e9 \u00farovni.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky testuje pouze extern\u00ed v\u00fdstupy softwaru, jin\u00fdmi slovy testuje to, co koncov\u00fd u\u017eivatel za\u017eije p\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee testuje, jak se software chov\u00e1 za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/p>\n<p>Pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky mohou teste\u0159i posoudit, jak se chovaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce softwaru, a porovnat je s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, aby se ujistili, \u017ee software spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky u\u017eivatel\u016f. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a akcepta\u010dn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch funkc\u00ed a kontrole, zda syst\u00e9m funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy\u017e funguje jako celek.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky u\u017eivatel\u00e9 p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 prvky jednotliv\u011b. Proto\u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nevy\u017eaduje stejn\u00e9 technick\u00e9 dovednosti jako testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky obvykle prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed sp\u00ed\u0161e teste\u0159i v prost\u0159ed\u00ed QA ne\u017e v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>Automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky obvykle jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, a to pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-od-konce-ke-konci-hluboky-ponor-do-typu-testu-e2e-procesu-pristupu-nastroju-a-dalsiho\"> automatizaci end-to-end<\/a>, jako je ZAPTEST.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jake_jsou_rozdily_mezi_testovanim_bile_a_cerne_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly mezi <\/strong><strong>testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edl mezi testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dern\u00e9 a b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v tom, co se testuje.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se t\u00fdk\u00e1 testov\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdstup\u016f sestaven\u00ed softwaru, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se t\u00fdk\u00e1 testov\u00e1n\u00ed toho, co se d\u011bje pod kapotou.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi hlavn\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dern\u00e9 a b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucel\"><\/span><em><strong>\u00da\u010del<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>\u00da\u010delem testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je ov\u011b\u0159it, zda syst\u00e9m funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed koncov\u00e9ho u\u017eivatele, zat\u00edmco \u00fa\u010delem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je ov\u011b\u0159it kvalitu a integritu k\u00f3du softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky u videohry m\u016f\u017ee koncov\u00fd u\u017eivatel hru vyzkou\u0161et a zhodnotit sv\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky u stejn\u00e9ho projektu zajist\u00ed, \u017ee zad\u00e1n\u00ed konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch vstup\u016f povede k tomu, \u017ee postava provede spr\u00e1vnou akci.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proces\"><\/span><em><strong>Proces<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Procesy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se velmi li\u0161\u00ed. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je mnohem snaz\u0161\u00ed automatizovat ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a obvykle je nutn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky automatizovat pomoc\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\">n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro automatizaci softwaru<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed datab\u00e1ze zahrnuje testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky automatick\u00e9 zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat, aby se zkontrolovalo, zda jsou v\u0161echny v\u00fdsledky spr\u00e1vn\u00e9, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zahrnuje u\u017eivatele, kte\u0159\u00ed replikuj\u00ed manu\u00e1ln\u00ed procesy a pod\u00e1vaj\u00ed o nich zpr\u00e1vy bez pou\u017eit\u00ed automatiza\u010dn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testery\"><\/span><em><strong>Testery<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy prov\u00e1d\u011bno v prost\u0159ed\u00ed QA profesion\u00e1ln\u00edmi testery softwaru, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i softwaru a in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed maj\u00ed podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technick\u00e9 znalosti o zdrojov\u00e9m k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Techniky\"><\/span><em><strong>Techniky<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 techniky, nap\u0159\u00edklad rozd\u011blen\u00ed ekvivalence, anal\u00fdza hrani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot a testov\u00e1n\u00ed pomoc\u00ed rozhodovac\u00edch tabulek. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 techniky, jako je pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00edmi, pokryt\u00ed podm\u00ednkami a pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Operace\"><\/span><em><strong>Operace<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Testovac\u00ed metodiky black box testov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je testov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a akcepta\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farovn\u011b testov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek a integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Z tohoto d\u016fvodu se testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky obvykle prov\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159ed v\u011bt\u0161inou forem testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Co_je_to_testovani_sedeho_boxu\"><\/span><strong>2. Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho boxu?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Grey box testing je technika testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwarov\u00fdch produkt\u016f a aplikac\u00ed testery, kte\u0159\u00ed mohou m\u00edt \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dnou znalost vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury aplikace, ale ne \u00faplnou.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee kombinovat prvky testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a teste\u0159i mohli identifikovat chyby v k\u00f3du a naj\u00edt chyby specifick\u00e9 pro dan\u00fd kontext.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky kombinuje vlastnosti testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. Teste\u0159i mus\u00ed m\u00edt ur\u010dit\u00e9 znalosti o vnit\u0159n\u00edm fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu jako p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, ale tyto znalosti pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed k vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f a jejich prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed na \u00farovni funk\u010dnosti jako p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nab\u00edz\u00ed mnoho v\u00fdhod testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 i b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a z\u00e1rove\u0148 je relativn\u011b \u010dasov\u011b efektivn\u00ed a flexibiln\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jake_jsou_rozdily_mezi_testovani_bileho_a_sedeho_boxu\"><\/span><strong>Jak\u00e9 jsou rozd\u00edly mezi <\/strong><strong>testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho a \u0161ed\u00e9ho boxu?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"132\" height=\"123\"><\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nab\u00edz\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00e9 stejn\u00e9 funkce jako testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, existuj\u00ed mezi testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly, i kdy\u017e jich mo\u017en\u00e1 nen\u00ed tolik jako u testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u0161ed\u00e9ho a b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Strukturalni_znalosti\"><\/span><em><strong>Struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed znalosti<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky by osoba prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u011bla pln\u011b zn\u00e1t vnit\u0159n\u00ed n\u00e1vrh a strukturu k\u00f3du. P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9ho boxu je vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura k\u00f3du obvykle zn\u00e1ma jen \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zucastnene_osoby\"><\/span><em><strong>Z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 osoby<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u00fdhradn\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i softwaru a softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky mohou prov\u00e1d\u011bt koncov\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u00e9, teste\u0159i a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ucinnost\"><\/span><em><strong>\u00da\u010dinnost<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je pova\u017eov\u00e1no za \u010dasov\u011b nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 n\u011bkter\u00e9 z v\u00fdhod testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, aby se zkr\u00e1tila doba pot\u0159ebn\u00e1 k proveden\u00ed test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Operace-2\"><\/span><em><strong>Operace<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i jednodu\u0161e nap\u00ed\u0161\u00ed k\u00f3d pro implementaci test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku a tento k\u00f3d spust\u00ed. P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, teste\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed funk\u010dn\u00ed testy, aby posoudili, jak syst\u00e9m funguje navenek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Pokryti\"><\/span><em><strong>Pokryt\u00ed<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je nej\u00fapln\u011bj\u0161\u00edm typem testov\u00e1n\u00ed, zat\u00edmco rozsah testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda je typ prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zalo\u017een na k\u00f3du nebo grafick\u00e9m u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9m rozhran\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zaver\"><\/span><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br:  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bila_skrinka_vs_cerna_skrinka_vs_testovani_sede_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>B\u00edl\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka vs. \u010dern\u00e1 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ka <\/strong><strong>vs. testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-42444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cropped-zt-icon-150x150-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"93\" height=\"93\"><\/p>\n<p>White box testing, black box testing a grey box testing jsou term\u00edny pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 techniky testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru. Obecn\u011b lze ka\u017ed\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed definovat na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, do jak\u00e9 m\u00edry mus\u00ed m\u00edt teste\u0159i znalosti o k\u00f3dov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b a implementaci k\u00f3du:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Testovani_cerne_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura k\u00f3du nen\u00ed zn\u00e1ma.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura k\u00f3du je zn\u00e1m\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Testovani_sede_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>3. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura k\u00f3du je \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1ma.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru jsou v\u0161echny t\u0159i typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed funk\u010dnosti a integrity softwaru. Zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky n\u00e1m \u0159ekne v\u00edce o z\u00e1kladn\u00ed struktu\u0159e k\u00f3du, testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee ov\u011b\u0159it, jak syst\u00e9m funguje a zda spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky koncov\u00fdch u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozd\u00edly mezi t\u011bmito t\u0159emi typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b t\u00fdkaj\u00ed toho, kdo jednotliv\u00e9 typy test\u016f prov\u00e1d\u00ed, po\u017eadavk\u016f na samotn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed a toho, co testov\u00e1n\u00ed obn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u00e1 nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed vstupn\u00ed bari\u00e9ru, proto\u017ee ho prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i s detailn\u00ed znalost\u00ed samotn\u00e9 k\u00f3dov\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny a proto\u017ee jde o \u010dasov\u011b nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a \u010dasto i nejn\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Naproti tomu testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed a mohou je prov\u00e1d\u011bt teste\u0159i bez znalosti z\u00e1kladn\u00edho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typy_testu_white_box\"><\/span><strong>Typy test\u016f white box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-42411\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/M-RUN-1024x576-1-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"Nefunk\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed: co to je, r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy, p\u0159\u00edstupy a n\u00e1stroje\" width=\"538\" height=\"303\"><\/p>\n<p>Existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch typ\u016f white box test\u016f, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd lze pou\u017e\u00edt k testov\u00e1n\u00ed trochu jin\u00fdch aspekt\u016f vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee jsou uvedeny n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejb\u011b\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed white box, kter\u00e9 se dnes pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Testovani_cesty\"><\/span><strong>1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty je typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zalo\u017een\u00fd na \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed struktu\u0159e programu. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed strukturu \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed k vytvo\u0159en\u00ed grafu toku \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed a testuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 cesty v tomto grafu.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed cest je typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd je z\u00e1visl\u00fd na \u0159\u00eddic\u00ed struktu\u0159e programu, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee vy\u017eaduje, aby teste\u0159i tuto strukturu d\u016fkladn\u011b znali.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud m\u00e1 nap\u0159\u00edklad syst\u00e9m kontaktovat z\u00e1kazn\u00edky s nastaven\u00fdmi zpr\u00e1vami v ur\u010dit\u00fdch bodech prodejn\u00edho trycht\u00fd\u0159e, testov\u00e1n\u00ed cesty zahrnuje zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e9ho postupu v z\u00e1vislosti na podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 data nastavuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Testovani_smycky\"><\/span><strong>2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dek je jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 testuje smy\u010dky v k\u00f3du programu. Smy\u010dky jsou implementov\u00e1ny v algoritmech v k\u00f3du a testov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dek ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda jsou tyto smy\u010dky platn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dek m\u016f\u017ee posoudit, zda v konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch smy\u010dk\u00e1ch existuj\u00ed zranitelnosti, a upozornit na oblasti, kde by v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mohli pot\u0159ebovat opravit k\u00f3d, aby bylo zaji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee smy\u010dka funguje tak, jak m\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem testu smy\u010dky je sledov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dky s ur\u010ditou sadou datov\u00fdch bod\u016f, kter\u00e9 vyb\u00edzej\u00ed k pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed smy\u010dky, nap\u0159\u00edklad odm\u00edtnut\u00ed p\u0159ijet\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch podm\u00ednek, p\u0159ed zad\u00e1n\u00edm \u00fadaje, kter\u00fd smy\u010dku specificky p\u0159eru\u0161\u00ed. Pokud se smy\u010dka chov\u00e1 podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, je test \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Podminene_testovani\"><\/span><strong>3. Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed je typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku, kter\u00fd ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda jsou logick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro hodnoty v k\u00f3du pravdiv\u00e9 nebo nepravdiv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed je hlavn\u00ed formou white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, zda je k\u00f3d logick\u00fd a zda spl\u0148uje po\u017eadavky programov\u00e9 logiky.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9ho testov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u00fa\u010detn\u00ed platforma. Zad\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159ady v\u00fddaj\u016f a p\u0159\u00edjm\u016f by m\u011blo v\u00e9st ke spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011b\u017en\u00fdm sou\u010dt\u016fm a software by m\u011bl poskytovat p\u0159esn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky po celou dobu \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9ho testu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Testovani_jednotek\"><\/span><strong>4. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek je d\u016fle\u017eitou f\u00e1z\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kdy v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i testuj\u00ed jednotliv\u00e9 komponenty a moduly a ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed, zda funguj\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, ne\u017e za\u010dnou jednotliv\u00e9 jednotky integrovat dohromady.<\/p>\n<p>Softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed metody white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed v r\u00e1mci testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek k testov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed k\u00f3du najednou. To usnad\u0148uje identifikaci chyb a omyl\u016f, kter\u00e9 se vyskytnou b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek je situace na za\u010d\u00e1tku v\u00fdvoje, kdy spole\u010dnost vytvo\u0159\u00ed na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch jednoduch\u00e9 tla\u010d\u00edtko, kter\u00e9 u\u017eivatele p\u0159esune na jinou str\u00e1nku. Pokud jednotka funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, je \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed zm\u011bny, dokud tomu tak nen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Testovani_mutaci\"><\/span><strong>5. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/testovani-mutaci-typy-procesy-analyza-charakteristiky-nastroje-a-dalsi\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed<\/a> je typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00fd testuje zm\u011bny a mutace. P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i drobn\u00e9 \u00fapravy zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du, aby zjistili, zda mohou odhalit chyby v k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad projde, znamen\u00e1 to, \u017ee v k\u00f3du je n\u011bjak\u00fd probl\u00e9m, proto\u017ee po proveden\u00ed zm\u011bn by nem\u011bl proj\u00edt. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed v\u0161echny testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady sel\u017eou.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159\u00edkladem testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed je strojov\u00e9 u\u010den\u00ed. Programy strojov\u00e9ho u\u010den\u00ed automaticky &#8222;mutuj\u00ed&#8220; v z\u00e1vislosti na nov\u00fdch informac\u00edch, tak\u017ee d\u016fsledn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto program\u016f na standard &#8222;mutace&#8220; informuje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e o tom, zda software funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Integracni_testovani\"><\/span><strong>6. Integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je hlavn\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, b\u011bhem n\u00ed\u017e teste\u0159i zji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed, zda r\u016fzn\u00e9 moduly funguj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b, kdy\u017e jsou integrov\u00e1ny s jin\u00fdmi moduly.<\/p>\n<p>Techniky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159i integra\u010dn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se ov\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee k\u00f3d funguje i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee spolu pracuje v\u00edce modul\u016f, kter\u00e9 \u010dasto k\u00f3dovali r\u016fzn\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud datab\u00e1ze \u010derp\u00e1 informace nap\u0159\u00edklad z online zdroje, integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee z\u00edskan\u00e1 data jsou p\u0159esn\u00e1 a aktualizuj\u00ed se p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b konzistentn\u00ed rychlost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Penetracni_testovani\"><\/span><strong>7. Penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je typem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt k simulaci konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch kybernetick\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f na syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i penetra\u010dn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed teste\u0159i p\u0159\u00edstup ke kompletn\u00edm \u00fadaj\u016fm o s\u00edti a syst\u00e9mu, jako jsou hesla a s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 mapy. Pot\u00e9 se pokus\u00ed z\u00edskat p\u0159\u00edstup k dat\u016fm v syst\u00e9mu nebo je zni\u010dit, a to prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho po\u010dtu r\u016fzn\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f \u00fatoku.<\/p>\n<p>Penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm aspektem testov\u00e1n\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by se m\u011blo prov\u00e1d\u011bt u v\u0161ech sestaven\u00ed softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad platforma HR provede penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed a hled\u00e1 zranitelnosti v k\u00f3du, aby se ujistila, \u017ee je dostate\u010dn\u011b bezpe\u010dn\u00e1 pro uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat zam\u011bstnanc\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Techniky_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Techniky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10828\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/ZAPTEST_MRUN-1024x576.png\" alt=\"\u010dl\u00e1nek o testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161ed\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky - n\u00e1stroje, p\u0159\u00edstupy, srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, n\u00e1stroje pro \u0161edou sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ku zdarma a pro podniky.\" width=\"544\" height=\"306\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/ZAPTEST_MRUN-980x551.png 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/ZAPTEST_MRUN-480x270.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch technik testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt k proveden\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdch test\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk. Jak u\u017e to tak b\u00fdv\u00e1, pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch aspekt\u016f k\u00f3du jsou nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 techniky, ale v\u0161echny n\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e9 techniky b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Pokryti_vykazu\"><\/span><strong>1. Pokryt\u00ed v\u00fdkaz\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jedn\u00edm z defini\u010dn\u00edch znak\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je, \u017ee teste\u0159i by se m\u011bli p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky sna\u017eit pokr\u00fdt co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du je siln\u00fdm m\u011b\u0159\u00edtkem a pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f je jednou z technik, kterou mohou teste\u0159i b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pou\u017e\u00edt ke zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f v k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f je metrika, kter\u00e1 m\u011b\u0159\u00ed po\u010det proveden\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f vyd\u011blen\u00fd celkov\u00fdm po\u010dtem p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a vyn\u00e1soben\u00fd 100. Teste\u0159i b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky by se m\u011bli sna\u017eit o vysok\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed v\u00fdrok\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Pokryti_vetvi\"><\/span><strong>2. Pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, jak \u0161irok\u00e9 je pokryt\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch prvk\u016f k\u00f3du p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. V\u011btve jsou obdobou p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f &#8222;IF&#8220; v logice, kde se k\u00f3d v\u011btv\u00ed na mo\u017enosti true a false, kter\u00e9 ovliv\u0148uj\u00ed v\u00fdsledek operace.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i pou\u017eit\u00ed technik pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed tester white boxu kontroluje, zda je ka\u017ed\u00e1 v\u011btev zpracov\u00e1na alespo\u0148 jednou, a ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda ob\u011b v\u011btve funguj\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Pokryti_cesty\"><\/span><strong>3. Pokryt\u00ed cesty<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Techniky pokryt\u00ed cest hodnot\u00ed cesty v r\u00e1mci softwarov\u00e9 aplikace. Maximalizace pokryt\u00ed testovac\u00edch cest znamen\u00e1 zajistit, aby v\u0161echny cesty v r\u00e1mci programu byly prozkoum\u00e1ny alespo\u0148 jednou. Jedn\u00e1 se o podobn\u00fd typ testovac\u00ed techniky jako pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed, ale je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed pokryt\u00ed cesty je obvykle pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed kompletn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, nikoli d\u00edl\u010d\u00edch sestaven\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Pokryti_rozhodnuti\"><\/span><strong>4. Pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed rozhodov\u00e1n\u00edm je jednou z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch technik b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, proto\u017ee poskytuje \u00fadaje o pravdiv\u00fdch a nepravdiv\u00fdch v\u00fdsledc\u00edch logick\u00fdch v\u00fdraz\u016f ve zdrojov\u00e9m k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159uje platnost zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du t\u00edm, \u017ee zaji\u0161\u0165uje, aby ka\u017ed\u00e1 zna\u010dka ka\u017ed\u00e9ho potenci\u00e1ln\u00edho rozhodnut\u00ed byla b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u011b\u0159ena alespo\u0148 jednou.<\/p>\n<p>Rozhodovac\u00ed body zahrnuj\u00ed v\u0161echny p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy existuje mo\u017enost dvou nebo v\u00edce r\u016fzn\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Pokryti_podminek\"><\/span><strong>5. Pokryt\u00ed podm\u00ednek<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Kryt\u00ed podm\u00ednek je tak\u00e9 zn\u00e1m\u00e9 jako kryt\u00ed v\u00fdrazem. Tato technika b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku vyhodnocuje d\u00edl\u010d\u00ed prom\u011bnn\u00e9 v podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edkazech v k\u00f3du a ov\u011b\u0159uje v\u00fdsledek ka\u017ed\u00e9 logick\u00e9 podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n<p>Tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed zohled\u0148uje pouze v\u00fdrazy s logick\u00fdmi operandy, zat\u00edmco testov\u00e1n\u00ed pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed a testov\u00e1n\u00ed pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed ostatn\u00edch logick\u00fdch operac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Pokryti_vice_stavu\"><\/span><strong>6. Pokryt\u00ed v\u00edce stav\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V testech pokryt\u00ed v\u00edce podm\u00ednek teste\u0159i ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 kombinace podm\u00ednek a hodnot\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed, kter\u00e9 k\u00f3d u\u010din\u00ed pro ka\u017edou kombinaci.<\/p>\n<p>Pro testy pokryt\u00ed v\u00edce podm\u00ednek m\u016f\u017ee existovat mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, proto\u017ee existuje obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kombinac\u00ed podm\u00ednek, tak\u017ee tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010dasto \u010dasov\u011b velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Pokryti_konecnych_stavovych_stroju\"><\/span><strong>7. Pokryt\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00fdch stavov\u00fdch stroj\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed kone\u010dn\u00fdch stavov\u00fdch stroj\u016f je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm typem testov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 jedn\u00edm z nejobt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak dos\u00e1hnout vysok\u00e9ho pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. Pracuje s funk\u010dnost\u00ed n\u00e1vrhu a vy\u017eaduje, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i po\u010d\u00edtali, kolikr\u00e1t je b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edven nebo p\u0159ekro\u010den stav a kolik sekvenc\u00ed obsahuje ka\u017ed\u00fd kone\u010dn\u00fd stavov\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8_Testovani_ridiciho_toku\"><\/span><strong>8. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00eddic\u00edho toku<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed toku \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed je technika testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, kter\u00e1 se sna\u017e\u00ed zjistit po\u0159ad\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed programu pomoc\u00ed jednoduch\u00e9 struktury \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i sestavuj\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady testov\u00e1n\u00ed toku \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed tak, \u017ee vyberou ur\u010ditou \u010d\u00e1st programu a sestav\u00ed testovac\u00ed cestu. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed toku \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se obvykle pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zivotni_cyklus_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>\u017divotn\u00ed cyklus testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ve_vyvoji_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>ve v\u00fdvoji softwaru<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4999\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/performance.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"100\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm krokem v \u017eivotn\u00edm cyklu v\u00fdvoje softwaru, i kdy\u017e v n\u011bm nem\u00e1 sv\u00e9 pevn\u00e9 m\u00edsto.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mohou prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku podle toho, kdy pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed zkontrolovat funk\u010dnost k\u00f3du, a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159i kontrole nov\u011b napsan\u00e9ho k\u00f3du d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jin\u00ed, aby se ujistili, \u017ee je \u010dist\u00fd a neobsahuje zbyte\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159\u00e1dky.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole se v\u0161ak nej\u010dast\u011bji prov\u00e1d\u00ed b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek a integra\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i b\u011bhem v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 f\u00e1ze prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed jak jednotkov\u00e9, tak integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Prob\u00edhaj\u00ed p\u0159ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-funkcni-testovani-typy-priklady-kontrolni-seznam-a-implementace\">funk\u010dn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/a>, jako je testov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu a akcepta\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, a d\u00e1vaj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm mo\u017enost identifikovat, naj\u00edt a opravit hlavn\u00ed chyby v ran\u00e9 f\u00e1zi testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ed p\u0159ed\u00e1n\u00edm produktu t\u00fdmu QA.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Manualni_nebo_automatizovane_testy_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo automatizovan\u00e9 testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29164\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/computer-vision-for-software-testing-min-scaled-e1657451144405-981x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 vid\u011bn\u00ed pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"410\" height=\"428\"><\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako jin\u00e9 typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je mo\u017en\u00e9 i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole automatizovat. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bu\u010f manu\u00e1ln\u00ed, nebo automatizovan\u00e9, i kdy\u017e ve v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je snaz\u0161\u00ed automatizovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk je \u010dasov\u011b velmi n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed, je <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-automatizace-testovani-jednoduchy-pruvodce-bez-zargonu\">automatizace<\/a> mezi softwarov\u00fdmi t\u00fdmy st\u00e1le obl\u00edben\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Manualni_testovani_bile_skrinky_vyhody_problemy_a_postupy\"><\/span><strong>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: v\u00fdhody, probl\u00e9my a postupy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk znamen\u00e1 ru\u010dn\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed test\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a vy\u017eaduje, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i m\u011bli dovednosti a \u010das na psan\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, aby otestovali ka\u017ed\u00fd \u0159\u00e1dek k\u00f3du v sestaven\u00ed softwaru. To m\u016f\u017ee zabrat hodn\u011b \u010dasu, ale tak\u00e9 to vede k nejd\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm a v\u00fdstup\u016fm test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi v\u00fdhody ru\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Hloubka\"><\/span><strong>1. Hloubka<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/manualni-testovani-co-to-je-typy-postupy-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\">Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> umo\u017e\u0148uje tester\u016fm prozkoumat k\u00f3d softwaru do v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed hloubky ne\u017e automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud se tak rozhodnou, nap\u0159\u00edklad pro\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00edm cel\u00e9ho zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du aplikace nam\u00edsto pouh\u00e9ho automatizov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00faloh, kter\u00e9 se dot\u00fdkaj\u00ed povrchov\u00e9 funk\u010dnosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Umisteni_chyby\"><\/span><em><strong>2. Um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed chyby<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Ru\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed usnad\u0148uje vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed chyb a nedostatk\u016f, proto\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i by m\u011bli b\u00fdt schopni p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit, ve kter\u00e9m \u0159\u00e1dku k\u00f3du se chyba nach\u00e1z\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad zjist\u00edte, \u017ee se nena\u010d\u00edt\u00e1 obr\u00e1zek, a pot\u00e9 v k\u00f3du vyhled\u00e1te \u0159\u00e1dky, kter\u00e9 se t\u00fdkaj\u00ed na\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed obr\u00e1zk\u016f, v\u00fdrazn\u011b t\u00edm z\u00fa\u017e\u00edte p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Rychlost\"><\/span><em><strong>3. Rychlost<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Ru\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed obvykle trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale pokud v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i cht\u011bj\u00ed prov\u00e9st pouze jeden nebo dva rychl\u00e9 testy, je pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b rychlej\u0161\u00ed prov\u00e9st je ru\u010dn\u011b ne\u017e nastavit automatizaci.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek zahrnuje sp\u00ed\u0161e zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed funkce a zji\u0161\u0165ov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda funguje, ne\u017e shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed dat pomoc\u00ed automatizace procesu. Ru\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk m\u00e1 v\u0161ak i sv\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi probl\u00e9my manu\u00e1ln\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Presnost\"><\/span><strong>1. P\u0159esnost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed sice umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pokr\u00fdt \u0161irok\u00fd rozsah k\u00f3du, ale lid\u0161t\u00ed teste\u0159i jsou v\u017edy n\u00e1chyln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k chyb\u00e1m a omyl\u016fm ne\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 programy, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je \u010dasto pova\u017eov\u00e1no za m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159esn\u00e9 ne\u017e automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Cas\"><\/span><strong>2. \u010cas<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed trv\u00e1 d\u00e9le ne\u017e automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed a manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk pat\u0159\u00ed k \u010dasov\u011b nejn\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm test\u016fm v\u016fbec. T\u00edm se prodlu\u017euje doba realizace a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed dodr\u017eet kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 term\u00edny v\u00fdvoje.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Naklady\"><\/span><strong>3. N\u00e1klady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Vzhledem k mno\u017estv\u00ed pracovn\u00edch sil a zdroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, je toto testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy \u010dasto n\u00e1kladn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 obvykle vy\u017eaduje m\u00e9n\u011b v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f a m\u00e9n\u011b \u010dasu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Skalovatelnost\"><\/span><strong>4. \u0160k\u00e1lovatelnost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je vhodn\u00e9 pouze pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed mal\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed nebo jednotliv\u00fdch komponent v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed. U v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad datab\u00e1ze hostovan\u00e1 v cloudu s tis\u00edci vstupy za minutu, se jako metoda simulace standardn\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee mnohem v\u00edce up\u0159ednost\u0148uje automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Automatizovane_testovani_bile_skrinky_vyhody\"><\/span><strong>Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: v\u00fdhody,  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"vyzvy_a_procesy\"><\/span><strong>v\u00fdzvy a procesy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-48970\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-1024x408.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"497\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-980x390.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-480x191.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Automatiza\u010dn\u00ed technologie ka\u017ed\u00fd den usnad\u0148uj\u00ed automatizaci aspekt\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru. Za p\u0159echodem odv\u011btv\u00ed k <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/hyperautomation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">hyperautomatice<\/a> stoj\u00ed z\u010d\u00e1sti efektivita a \u00faspora n\u00e1klad\u016f, kter\u00e9 automatizace nab\u00edz\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm, je\u017e se v\u017edy c\u00edt\u00ed b\u00fdt v \u00fazk\u00fdch.<\/p>\n<p>White box je jedn\u00edm z nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch a nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed pro automatizaci, proto\u017ee je relativn\u011b snadn\u00e9 jej automatizovat a \u010dasov\u00e1 i finan\u010dn\u00ed \u00faspora automatizace white box test\u016f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zna\u010dn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159e, kte\u0159\u00ed sami p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed testovac\u00ed skripty, nebo lze proces urychlit pomoc\u00ed komplexn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, jako je ZAPTEST, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed technologii komplexn\u00edho <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-automatizaci-testovani-softwaru\">testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi v\u00fdhody automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Presnost-2\"><\/span><strong>1. P\u0159esnost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed eliminuje riziko chyb, proto\u017ee po\u010d\u00edta\u010de se neunav\u00ed a ned\u011blaj\u00ed chyby.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Cas-2\"><\/span><strong>2. \u010cas<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk je podstatn\u011b rychlej\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e ru\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a uvol\u0148uje \u010das, kter\u00fd mohou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i v\u011bnovat jin\u00fdm \u00fakol\u016fm, nap\u0159\u00edklad oprav\u00e1m chyb nebo psan\u00ed oprav aktualizac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Meritko\"><\/span><strong>3. M\u011b\u0159\u00edtko<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed se \u0161k\u00e1luje mnohem l\u00e9pe ne\u017e manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee pokud se va\u0161e softwarov\u00e1 aplikace rozr\u016fst\u00e1 nebo chcete prov\u00e9st rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed najednou, je automatizace lep\u0161\u00ed volbou.<\/p>\n<p>Nap\u0159\u00edklad roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat zahrnuje po\u017eadavek na v\u00edce vstup\u016f v automatizaci ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s naj\u00edm\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00edce zam\u011bstnanc\u016f p\u0159i manu\u00e1ln\u00edch testech.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Naklady\"><\/span><strong>4. N\u00e1klady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>N\u00e1klady na automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou po se\u010dten\u00ed obvykle ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e n\u00e1klady na manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee automatizace u\u0161et\u0159\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed pracovn\u00edch hodin. Desetin\u00e1sobn\u00e1 n\u00e1vratnost investic ZAPTESTu ukazuje, jak automatizace m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm u\u0161et\u0159it pen\u00edze a v\u00e9st k vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdnos\u016fm. Automatizace v\u0161ak nen\u00ed bez nev\u00fdhod.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>  Mezi probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s automatizac\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Sledovani_chyb\"><\/span><strong>1. Sledov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Automatizace ne v\u017edy usnad\u0148uje nalezen\u00ed chyb v k\u00f3du v z\u00e1vislosti na tom, jak\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i automatizuj\u00ed testy nebo jak\u00e9 testovac\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s manu\u00e1ln\u00edm white box testov\u00e1n\u00edm, kdy teste\u0159i vid\u00ed k\u00f3d, kter\u00fd se spou\u0161t\u00ed, kdykoli se objev\u00ed chyba.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Dovednosti\"><\/span><strong>2. Dovednosti<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Ne v\u0161ichni v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i v\u011bd\u00ed, jak automatizovat testy nebo jak pou\u017e\u00edvat n\u00e1stroje pro automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee p\u0159echod na automatizaci m\u016f\u017ee vy\u017eadovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 investice do \u0161kolen\u00ed hlavn\u00edch dovednost\u00ed, jako je k\u00f3dov\u00e1n\u00ed v jazyce dan\u00e9 testovac\u00ed platformy a pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed dovednost\u00ed anal\u00fdzy dat k pochopen\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010din probl\u00e9m\u016f v testu b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zaver_Manualni_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br: Manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"nebo_automatizace_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>nebo automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"247\" height=\"229\"><\/p>\n<p>Celkov\u011b lze \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk v softwarov\u00e9m in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed je jedn\u00edm z nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 lze p\u0159izp\u016fsobit automatizovan\u00e9mu testov\u00e1n\u00ed, a to zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli \u010dasov\u00e9 n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti a slo\u017eitosti manu\u00e1ln\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk je rychlej\u0161\u00ed, levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e manu\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i pr\u00e1ci s rozs\u00e1hlej\u0161\u00edmi aplikacemi.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud je to mo\u017en\u00e9, m\u011bli by v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i softwaru p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru automatizovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, aby zv\u00fd\u0161ili spolehlivost test\u016f a testov\u00e1n\u00edm pokryli v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed oblast v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch aplikac\u00ed, ne\u017e je prakticky mo\u017en\u00e9 p\u0159i ru\u010dn\u00edm prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed test\u016f. D\u016fvodem jsou zna\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a odborn\u00e9 znalosti, kter\u00e9 jsou nutn\u00e9 p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed test\u016f white box v\u00fdhradn\u011b manu\u00e1ln\u00edmi metodami.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_potrebujete_pro_zacatek\"><\/span><strong>Co pot\u0159ebujete pro za\u010d\u00e1tek  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56671\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/person-wondering-about-software-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejasnost\u00ed v automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"402\" height=\"268\"><\/p>\n<p>Ne\u017e za\u010dnete s testov\u00e1n\u00edm white boxu, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee m\u00e1te v\u0161e, co pot\u0159ebujete k zah\u00e1jen\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V z\u00e1vislosti na tom, zda prov\u00e1d\u00edte manu\u00e1ln\u00ed nebo automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, nepot\u0159ebujete krom\u011b \u010dasu a pen\u011bz mnoho prost\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Mus\u00edte v\u0161ak zajistit, aby v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm m\u011bl odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed znalosti a n\u00e1stroje pro spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Porozumeni_zdrojovemu_kodu\"><\/span><strong>1. Porozum\u011bn\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9mu k\u00f3du<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i softwaru s plnou znalost\u00ed zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du a vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud jste tester QA bez t\u011bchto znalost\u00ed, budete muset software p\u0159edat n\u011bkomu jin\u00e9mu, ne\u017e bude mo\u017en\u00e9 zah\u00e1jit testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Testovaci_pripady\"><\/span><strong>2. Testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed proveden\u00edm white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed je nutn\u00e9 napsat testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady. Testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady jsou jednotliv\u00e9 sady instrukc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 popisuj\u00ed \u010dinnosti, je\u017e mohou teste\u0159i nebo v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bt p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed funkc\u00ed a fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jsou testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady navrhov\u00e1ny lidmi s \u00faplnou znalost\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury syst\u00e9mu a vytv\u00e1\u0159eny za \u00fa\u010delem ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, zda syst\u00e9m funguje tak, jak m\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>3. N\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pro white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed je k dispozici spousta n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 podporuj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup ke zdrojov\u00e9mu k\u00f3du a n\u00e1vrhov\u00fdm dokument\u016fm a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed automatizaci test\u016f. Ty jsou tak\u00e9 dostupn\u00e9 v r\u016fzn\u00fdch cenov\u00fdch relac\u00edch pro u\u017eivatele, nap\u0159\u00edklad ve verz\u00edch ZAPTEST FREE a ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE, kter\u00e9 poskytuj\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed flexibilitu.<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed si vyberte n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 chcete pou\u017e\u00edvat, s d\u016frazem na to, aby m\u011bly spr\u00e1vnou funk\u010dnost, jako je pr\u00e1ce nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d platformami a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/pocitacove-videni-je-budoucnosti-automatizace-testovani-softwaru-historie-soucasnost-a-budoucnost\">technologie po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed<\/a>, abyste vid\u011bli to, co vid\u00ed automatick\u00e9 testy.<\/p>\n<p>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee v\u0161ichni v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i zapojen\u00ed do testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bd\u00ed, jak a kdy je pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proces_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56614\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-uat-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"kontroln\u00ed seznam uat, n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, automatizace a dal\u0161\u00ed\" width=\"546\" height=\"364\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zahrnuje mnohem v\u00edce znalost\u00ed o fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu ne\u017e testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a n\u011bkter\u00e9 kroky p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jsou trochu odli\u0161n\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Teste\u0159i b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky mus\u00ed nejprve identifikovat funkce nebo sou\u010d\u00e1sti syst\u00e9mu, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159it, a teprve pot\u00e9 navrhnout mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty testov\u00e1n\u00ed a napsat testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 se maj\u00ed prov\u00e9st.<\/p>\n<p>Proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se m\u016f\u017ee li\u0161it tak\u00e9 podle toho, jakou techniku testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te. Postupujte podle n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch krok\u016f a zjist\u011bte, jak prov\u00e9st testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole a z\u00e1rove\u0148 maximalizovat pokryt\u00ed cesty.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_1_Identifikace_testovanych_funkci\"><\/span><strong>Krok 1: Identifikace testovan\u00fdch funkc\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Ne\u017e za\u010dnete prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku, zva\u017ete, co p\u0159esn\u011b chcete testovat a jak to budete testovat. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed se na malou mno\u017einu funkc\u00ed nebo vlastnost\u00ed a vytvo\u0159en\u00ed sady testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f pouze pro jejich testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Tento krok budete prov\u00e1d\u011bt opakovan\u011b pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 oblasti syst\u00e9mu, abyste maximalizovali pokryt\u00ed test\u016f, ale je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 rozd\u011blit r\u016fzn\u00e9 oblasti na jednotliv\u00e9 testy.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edm u\u017e\u0161\u00ed je va\u0161e zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, t\u00edm spolehliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt va\u0161e testy.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_2_Zakreslete_vsechny_mozne_cesty_do_grafu_toku\"><\/span><strong>Krok 2: Zakreslete v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty do grafu tok\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdznamnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fdch prac\u00ed na testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu je zakreslen\u00ed v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch cest, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba otestovat, do v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho diagramu.<\/p>\n<p>Tento krok v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee maximalizovat pokryt\u00ed cest a zajistit, \u017ee v ka\u017ed\u00e9m vytvo\u0159en\u00e9m testovac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu ov\u011b\u0159\u00edte v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty. Nakreslete v\u00fdvojov\u00fd diagram, kter\u00fd zahrnuje v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty pro ka\u017edou testovanou funkci nebo komponentu, nap\u0159\u00edklad na\u010drtnut\u00edm r\u016fzn\u00fdch cest, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i zad\u00e1n\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch hodnot.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_3_Identifikace_vsech_moznych_cest\"><\/span><strong>Krok 3: Identifikace v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch cest<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pod\u00edvejte se na sv\u016fj v\u00fdvojov\u00fd diagram a ur\u010dete v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty, kter\u00fdmi se u\u017eivatel\u00e9 mohou vydat, po\u010d\u00ednaje prvn\u00edm krokem v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho diagramu a kon\u010de posledn\u00edm krokem.<\/p>\n<p>\u010c\u00edm v\u00edce v\u011btv\u00ed a rozhodnut\u00ed bude ve va\u0161em v\u00fdvojov\u00e9m diagramu, t\u00edm v\u00edce jedine\u010dn\u00fdch cest bude existovat. Pochopen\u00ed toho, kolik jedine\u010dn\u00fdch mo\u017en\u00fdch cest existuje, v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee zajistit, aby va\u0161e testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady pokr\u00fdvaly v\u0161echny mo\u017enosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_4_Vytvoreni_testovacich_pripadu\"><\/span><strong>Krok 4: Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1z\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku je naps\u00e1n\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u0161echny cesty, kter\u00e9 jste identifikovali v\u00fd\u0161e.<\/p>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se ujistit, \u017ee va\u0161e testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty a jasn\u011b popisuj\u00ed akce, kter\u00e9 mus\u00ed teste\u0159i nebo v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i prov\u00e9st, aby provedli ka\u017ed\u00fd testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad.<\/p>\n<p>U ka\u017ed\u00e9ho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu uve\u010fte ID a n\u00e1zev testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu spolu se stru\u010dn\u00fdm popisem a o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky ka\u017ed\u00e9ho testu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_5_Spusteni_testovacich_pripadu\"><\/span><strong>Krok 5: Spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u00ed je \u010das na proveden\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, co\u017e v\u011bt\u0161ina lid\u00ed pova\u017euje za samotn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu.<\/p>\n<p>Teste\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady podle stru\u010dn\u00e9ho souboru instrukc\u00ed uveden\u00fdch v ka\u017ed\u00e9m testovac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu a hl\u00e1s\u00ed v\u00fdsledek ka\u017ed\u00e9ho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu. To lze porovnat s o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi v\u00fdsledky uveden\u00fdmi v testovac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadu a zjistit, zda ka\u017ed\u00fd test b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pro\u0161el nebo nepro\u0161el.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Krok_6_Opakujte_cyklus_podle_potreby\"><\/span><strong>Krok 6: Opakujte cyklus podle pot\u0159eby<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako u jin\u00fdch forem testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru jde i u testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu o porovn\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9ho fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed teste\u0159i o tom, jak by m\u011bl syst\u00e9m fungovat.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud teste\u0159i zjist\u00ed, \u017ee se syst\u00e9m nechov\u00e1 tak, jak o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee to znamenat, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky selhalo a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mus\u00ed p\u0159ed dal\u0161\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm opravit \u0159\u00e1dky k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Opakov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9ho postupu prove\u010fte dal\u0161\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole, dokud nebude syst\u00e9m d\u016fkladn\u011b otestov\u00e1n a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 chyby nebudou odstran\u011bny.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Osvedcene_postupy_pro_testovani_bileho_ramecku\"><\/span><strong>Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automation-load-testing-1024x517.jpeg\" alt=\"Automatick\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee\" width=\"454\" height=\"229\"><\/p>\n<p>Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku z\u00e1vis\u00ed na tom, jak\u00fd typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u00edte a v jak\u00e9 f\u00e1zi testovac\u00edho procesu se nach\u00e1z\u00edte.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku prob\u00edh\u00e1 b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek a integra\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed, vztahuje se v\u011bt\u0161ina osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku na tyto f\u00e1ze.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Maximalizujte_pokryti_testu-2\"><\/span><strong>1. Maximalizujte pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Podle definice je p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 maximalizovat pokryt\u00ed test\u016f, aby se zajistilo, \u017ee b\u011bhem t\u00e9to f\u00e1ze bude otestov\u00e1no vysok\u00e9 procento softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>Toho lze dos\u00e1hnout maximalizac\u00ed pokryt\u00ed cest a v\u011btv\u00ed a psan\u00edm testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 b\u011bhem p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00e9 f\u00e1ze zkoumaj\u00ed v\u0161echny mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty a v\u00fdsledky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Overeni_chovani_a_vykonu\"><\/span><strong>2. Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdkonu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i psan\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f v r\u00e1mci white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed chcete vytvo\u0159it testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee syst\u00e9m funguje tak, jak o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te, a tak\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-vykonu-hluboky-ponor-do-typu-postupu-nastroju-vyzev-a-dalsich-veci\">ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdkonnost syst\u00e9mu<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Krom\u011b ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, zda ur\u010dit\u00e9 akce vedou k ur\u010dit\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm, m\u016f\u017eete nap\u0159\u00edklad tak\u00e9 ov\u011b\u0159it, jak rychle dok\u00e1\u017ee syst\u00e9m prov\u00e1d\u011bt ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u00falohy nebo jak je v\u00fdkon ovlivn\u011bn r\u016fzn\u00fdmi prom\u011bnn\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Piste_testovaci_pripady_nezavisle_na_sobe\"><\/span><strong>3. Pi\u0161te testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady nez\u00e1visle na sob\u011b<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokud chcete ov\u011b\u0159it dv\u011b r\u016fzn\u00e9 funkce, nap\u0159\u00edklad pokud t\u0159\u00edda k\u00f3du z\u00e1vis\u00ed na ur\u010dit\u00e9 datab\u00e1zi, vytvo\u0159te abstraktn\u00ed rozhran\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odr\u00e1\u017e\u00ed toto p\u0159ipojen\u00ed k datab\u00e1zi, a implementujte rozhran\u00ed s maketov\u00fdm objektem pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed tohoto p\u0159ipojen\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm zajist\u00edte, \u017ee va\u0161e testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady ov\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed spojen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 chcete, aby ov\u011b\u0159ovaly, a ne n\u011bco jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Pokryti_vsech_cest_a_smycek\"><\/span><strong>4. Pokryt\u00ed v\u0161ech cest a smy\u010dek<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pokryt\u00ed test\u016f znamen\u00e1 pokryt\u00ed v\u0161ech mo\u017en\u00fdch cest, zohledn\u011bn\u00ed podm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch smy\u010dek a dal\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f smy\u010dek v k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee jste navrhli testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 pln\u011b prozkoumaj\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 cesty a ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee se smy\u010dky chovaj\u00ed tak, jak o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te, bez ohledu na vstupn\u00ed \u00fadaje.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_chyb_a_nastrah_pri\"><\/span><strong>7 chyb a n\u00e1strah p\u0159i  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Implementace_testu_bileho_ramecku\"><\/span><strong>Implementace test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33286\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zaptest-runtime-error-1024x576.png\" alt=\"zaptest-runtime-error.png\" width=\"551\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zaptest-runtime-error-980x551.png 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zaptest-runtime-error-480x270.png 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i zah\u00e1jen\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1strah, do kter\u00fdch se v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu \u010dasto dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed. B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 chyby p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu mohou zp\u016fsobit zpo\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a nep\u0159esnosti, kter\u00e9 mohou po\u0161kodit kvalitu a \u010dasov\u00fd pl\u00e1n vyd\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Domnivate_se_ze_testovani_bile_skrinky_neni_nutne\"><\/span><strong>1. Domn\u00edv\u00e1te se, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9.<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed teste\u0159i se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nen\u00ed nutn\u00e9, proto\u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky testuje v\u0161echny vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupy softwaru, a pokud tyto v\u00fdstupy spr\u00e1vn\u011b funguj\u00ed, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee funguje i vnit\u0159n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pomoci odhalit probl\u00e9my a chyby, kter\u00e9 se p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nemus\u00ed v\u017edy projevit, a je nezbytn\u00e9 pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed bezpe\u010dnosti softwarov\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud nap\u0159\u00edklad program obsahuje \u00fanik pam\u011bti, kter\u00fd zp\u016fsobuje pokles v\u00fdkonu po del\u0161\u00ed dobu a kter\u00fd testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky nezkoum\u00e1, je testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jedinou mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak k\u00f3d proj\u00edt a probl\u00e9m naj\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b p\u0159ed zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Provadeni_vsech_testu_bilych_skrinek_rucne\"><\/span><strong>2. Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed v\u0161ech test\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk ru\u010dn\u011b<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i si mohou myslet, \u017ee je stejn\u011b snadn\u00e9 prov\u00e9st testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jako testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu je v\u0161ak \u010dasov\u011b podstatn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu zcela ru\u010dn\u011b, mohou zjistit, \u017ee nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 prov\u00e9st ru\u010dn\u00ed kontrolu v po\u017eadovan\u00e9m rozsahu nebo p\u0159i maxim\u00e1ln\u00edm pokryt\u00ed test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Prideleni_testeru_k_provadeni_testovacich_pripadu\"><\/span><strong>3. P\u0159id\u011blen\u00ed tester\u016f k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky by m\u011bli kompletn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bt v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i a lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed dokonale rozum\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edmu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed softwarov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee mohou testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk p\u0159en\u00e9st na testery QA, kdy\u017e sami napsali testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, ale to vede pouze ke \u0161patn\u00e9mu proveden\u00ed a sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/sprava-testovacich-dat-tdm-v-testovani-softwaru-definice-historie-nastroje-procesy-a-dalsi\">kvality dokumentace<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Spech_pri_testovani\"><\/span><strong>4. Sp\u011bch p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je dlouh\u00fd a \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd proces a n\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mohou b\u00fdt v poku\u0161en\u00ed usp\u011bchat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a p\u0159ej\u00edt do dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze v\u00fdvoje. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vy\u010dlenit dostatek \u010dasu a zdroj\u016f na white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed, aby se v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i nec\u00edtili usp\u011bchan\u00ed a m\u011bli dostatek \u010dasu na maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed pokryt\u00ed test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Spatna_dokumentace\"><\/span><strong>5. \u0160patn\u00e1 dokumentace<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Veden\u00ed \u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9 dokumentace p\u0159ed testov\u00e1n\u00edm, v jeho pr\u016fb\u011bhu i po n\u011bm zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee v\u0161ichni, kdo se pod\u00edlej\u00ed na v\u00fdvoji a testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, maj\u00ed ve spr\u00e1vn\u00fd \u010das p\u0159\u00edstup ke spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm informac\u00edm.<\/p>\n<p>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlen v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu v\u00ed, jak ps\u00e1t jasnou dokumentaci a jak hl\u00e1sit v\u00fdsledky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Nespravne_pouzivani_automatizacnich_nastroju\"><\/span><strong>6. Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed automatiza\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Automatiza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje mohou usnadnit testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, ale je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 se ujistit, \u017ee cel\u00fd v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm rozum\u00ed tomu, kter\u00e9 automatiza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te a jak je pou\u017e\u00edvat.<\/p>\n<p>R\u016fzn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje jsou vhodn\u00e9 pro r\u016fzn\u00e9 typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 vybrat si automatiza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje vhodn\u00e9 pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole a nau\u010dit se spr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat jejich funkce.<\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje nap\u0159\u00edklad neintegruj\u00ed automatizaci a m\u00edsto toho se zam\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed na shroma\u017e\u010fov\u00e1n\u00ed informac\u00ed a organizaci tiket\u016f, co\u017e nen\u00ed pro automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed zdaleka ide\u00e1ln\u00ed. Naopak full-stack n\u00e1stroje, jako je ZAPTEST, pokr\u00fdvaj\u00ed cel\u00fd proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm funkc\u00ed, jako je nap\u0159\u00edklad automatizace libovoln\u00e9 \u00falohy, a jsou tak vhodn\u00e9 pro efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Nespoluprace_s_tymem_QA\"><\/span><strong>7. Nespolupr\u00e1ce s t\u00fdmem QA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To, \u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu pl\u00e1nuj\u00ed a prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee by se t\u00fdm QA nem\u011bl nijak zapojit.<\/p>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 p\u0159edat v\u00fdsledky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky t\u00fdmu QA, aby pochopil, co bylo dosud testov\u00e1no a jak mohou v\u00fdsledky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky ovlivnit zp\u016fsob, jak\u00fdm t\u00fdm QA p\u0159istupuje k testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Nezapojen\u00edm t\u00fdmu QA vznik\u00e1 potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed nesoulad mezi jednotliv\u00fdmi odd\u011blen\u00edmi, co\u017e vede ke \u0161patn\u00e9 komunikaci a hor\u0161\u00ed zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazb\u011b v pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1zi testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 kvality kone\u010dn\u00e9ho produktu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typy_vystupu_z_white_box_testu\"><\/span><strong>Typy v\u00fdstup\u016f z white box test\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/advantages-of-setting-up-an-testing-center-of-excellence-TCoE-1024x678.jpeg\" alt=\"v\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence (TCoE)\" width=\"544\" height=\"360\"><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru ve white boxu z\u00edsk\u00e1te r\u016fzn\u00e9 v\u00fdstupy v z\u00e1vislosti na v\u00fdsledc\u00edch proveden\u00fdch test\u016f. Pochopen\u00ed t\u011bchto v\u00fdstup\u016f z test\u016f white box v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee zjistit, jak\u00e9 kroky je t\u0159eba podniknout d\u00e1le.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Vysledky_testu\"><\/span><strong>1. V\u00fdsledky test\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdsledky test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v\u00e1m prozrad\u00ed, zda je t\u0159eba pokra\u010dovat v dal\u0161\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed, zda je t\u0159eba opravit chyby a zda jednotliv\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady pro\u0161ly nebo nepro\u0161ly. D\u016fkladn\u00e1 dokumentace je nezbytn\u00e1, proto\u017ee pom\u00e1h\u00e1 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a tester\u016fm porozum\u011bt v\u00fdsledk\u016fm testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Vady\"><\/span><strong>2. Vady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Defekty lze identifikovat p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu a n\u011bkdy jsou v\u00fdstupem test\u016f white boxu defekty a chyby.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se softwarov\u00fd syst\u00e9m b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu nechov\u00e1 tak, jak jste o\u010dek\u00e1vali, m\u016f\u017ee to znamenat, \u017ee se v programu vyskytuj\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 vady, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba p\u0159ed pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm v\u00fdvoje a testov\u00e1n\u00ed odstranit.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Zkusebni_protokoly\"><\/span><strong>3. Zku\u0161ebn\u00ed protokoly<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testovac\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jsou zpr\u00e1vy, kter\u00e9 sestavuj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a teste\u0159i b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a po n\u011bm.<\/p>\n<p>Obsahuj\u00ed podrobn\u00e9 informace o v\u00fdsledc\u00edch testov\u00e1n\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b toho, kter\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady pro\u0161ly a kter\u00e9 ne, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 z\u00e1vady zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed a doporu\u010den\u00ed pro dal\u0161\u00ed postup.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy o testech ke komunikaci s ostatn\u00edmi v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, jejich\u017e \u00fakolem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt oprava chyb a nedostatk\u016f zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdch b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_testu_bileho_ramecku\"><\/span><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6792\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-Unit-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"Co je testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek\" width=\"422\" height=\"281\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm ov\u011b\u0159it, zda vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktura softwarov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu funguje tak, jak m\u00e1, bez ohledu na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdsledky a v\u00fdstupy syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee uveden\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edklady ilustruj\u00ed, jak m\u016f\u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pomoci v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm ov\u011b\u0159it vnit\u0159n\u00ed funkce softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Priklad_registracni_stranky_elektronickeho_obchodu\"><\/span><strong>1. P\u0159\u00edklad registra\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nky elektronick\u00e9ho obchodu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jeden z p\u0159\u00edklad\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu se t\u00fdk\u00e1 zp\u016fsobu, jak\u00fdm v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i testuj\u00ed funkce webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek. Pokud se sna\u017e\u00edte otestovat registra\u010dn\u00ed str\u00e1nku webu elektronick\u00e9ho obchodu, m\u016f\u017ee testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku umo\u017enit v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm zjistit, zda funkce a t\u0159\u00eddy zapojen\u00e9 do registrace funguj\u00ed tak, jak by m\u011bly, kdy\u017e je funkce registrace provedena.<\/p>\n<p>Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o v\u0161echny informace, kter\u00e9 u\u017eivatel zad\u00e1v\u00e1, a vyhodnocuje parametry formul\u00e1\u0159e, v\u010detn\u011b dat, kter\u00e1 jsou a nejsou platn\u00e1, a toho, co formul\u00e1\u0159 pova\u017euje za legitimn\u00ed e-mailovou adresu.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fdm pak zad\u00e1 \u0159adu \u0159et\u011bzc\u016f, kter\u00e9 testuj\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 jsou navr\u017eeny tak, aby selhaly, a jin\u00e9 tak, aby usp\u011bly, a pot\u00e9 vyhodnot\u00ed v\u00fdsledky oproti p\u0159edpokl\u00e1dan\u00fdm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>Naproti tomu testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky pouze zkontroluje, zda str\u00e1nka funguje, bez dal\u0161\u00ed anal\u00fdzy pro\u010d a jak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Priklad_kalkulacky\"><\/span><strong>2. P\u0159\u00edklad kalkula\u010dky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edkladem testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu jsou aplika\u010dn\u00ed kalkula\u010dky.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00edte kalkula\u010dku, kter\u00e1 se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 jako sou\u010d\u00e1st aplikace, testery \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky jednodu\u0161e otestuj\u00ed, zda je v\u00fdstup kalkula\u010dky spr\u00e1vn\u00fd, kdy\u017e se kalkula\u010dka pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 podle sv\u00e9ho ur\u010den\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zkontroluj\u00ed intern\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty kalkula\u010dky a ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, jak byl v\u00fdstup vypo\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n a zda je spr\u00e1vn\u00fd. To je u\u017eite\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pro slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdpo\u010dty s n\u011bkolika f\u00e1zemi, jako jsou dan\u011b. Teste\u0159i zkoumaj\u00ed k\u00f3d, aby zjistili, jak\u00e9 kroky kalkula\u010dka prov\u00e1d\u00ed a v jak\u00e9m po\u0159ad\u00ed, a teprve po ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi vid\u00ed v\u00fdsledek.<\/p>\n<p>Pokud je vstup kalkula\u010dky (7*4) &#8211; 6 a v\u00fdstup je 22, je to spr\u00e1vn\u011b a test \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky by t\u00edmto testem pro\u0161el. Je to v\u0161ak proto, \u017ee 7*4 = 28 a 28 &#8211; 6 je 22. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu by mohlo odhalit, \u017ee software zjistil tento v\u00fdsledek proveden\u00edm 7*4 = 32 a 32 &#8211; 6 = 22, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ani jedna z t\u011bchto mo\u017enost\u00ed nen\u00ed spr\u00e1vn\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Tento v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159ehled ukazuje, \u017ee v\u00fdpo\u010det je p\u0159esn\u00fd po ka\u017ed\u00e9 konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed f\u00e1zi, najde f\u00e1zi, ve kter\u00e9 nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt p\u0159esn\u00fd, a rychleji ji vy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed, proto\u017ee tester jasn\u011b vid\u00ed, kde doch\u00e1z\u00ed k probl\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Typy_chyb_a_omylu_pri_testovani_white_boxu\"><\/span><strong>Typy chyb a omyl\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-manual-software-testing-1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti\" width=\"542\" height=\"362\"><\/p>\n<p>B\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky je mo\u017en\u00e9 identifikovat a lokalizovat chyby, kter\u00e9 mohou ovlivnit fungov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9m\u016f pod kapotou. Tyto chyby mohou ovliv\u0148ovat extern\u00ed funkce nebo mohou m\u00edt vliv na v\u00fdkon \u010di spolehlivost.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00ed\u017ee jsou uvedeny n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch typ\u016f chyb a nedostatk\u016f, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Logicke_chyby\"><\/span><strong>1. Logick\u00e9 chyby<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Logick\u00e9 chyby vznikaj\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, proto\u017ee testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky odhaluj\u00ed oblasti, kde program nefunguje logicky nebo kde jsou v k\u00f3du softwaru nespr\u00e1vn\u011b pou\u017eity funkce a podm\u00ednky.<\/p>\n<p>Logick\u00e9 chyby se mohou projevovat jako selh\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu nebo jednodu\u0161e v\u00e9st k neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u00fdstup\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Chyby_navrhu\"><\/span><strong>2. Chyby n\u00e1vrhu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pomoci identifikovat chyby v n\u00e1vrhu k\u00f3du. Chyby n\u00e1vrhu vznikaj\u00ed, kdy\u017e existuje rozd\u00edl mezi logick\u00fdm pr\u016fb\u011bhem softwaru a jeho skute\u010dnou implementac\u00ed. Mohou v\u00e9st k neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9mu chov\u00e1n\u00ed a chyb\u00e1m v\u00fdkonu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Typograficke_chyby\"><\/span><strong>3. Typografick\u00e9 chyby<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Typografick\u00e9 chyby a syntaktick\u00e9 nedostatky jsou chyby, kter\u00e9 vznikaj\u00ed v d\u016fsledku lidsk\u00e9ho faktoru &#8211; nap\u0159\u00edklad proto, \u017ee v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159 chybn\u011b zadal ur\u010ditou fr\u00e1zi nebo p\u0159idal do \u0159\u00e1dku k\u00f3du \u0161patnou interpunkci. Takov\u00e9to drobn\u00e9 chyby mohou v\u00e9st k po\u0161kozen\u00ed funkc\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, kter\u00e9 software nedok\u00e1\u017ee p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zp\u016fsobit z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 chyby v syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bezne_metriky_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>B\u011b\u017en\u00e9 metriky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4168\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/close-up-hand-holding-futuristic-screen.jpg\" alt=\"co je automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"426\" height=\"240\"><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk v\u00e1m b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 metriky testov\u00e1n\u00ed pomohou m\u011b\u0159it \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nost a komplexnost test\u016f b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a tak\u00e9 pochopit kvalitu pr\u00e1ce va\u0161ich v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Metriky testov\u00e1n\u00ed informuj\u00ed proces v\u00fdvoje, proto\u017ee mohou identifikovat oblasti, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zlep\u0161it, nebo \u0159\u00eddit proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed v budoucnosti.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Pokryti_kodu\"><\/span><strong>1. Pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Jednou ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch charakteristik testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu je, \u017ee by m\u011blo pokr\u00fdt co nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st k\u00f3du, a pomoc\u00ed metrik pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du m\u016f\u017eete m\u011b\u0159it, kolik k\u00f3du jste pokryli.<\/p>\n<p>Metriky pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du ukazuj\u00ed, jak velkou \u010d\u00e1st celkov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du aplikace jste ov\u011b\u0159ili pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed white box. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i se obecn\u011b sna\u017e\u00ed pokr\u00fdt co nejbl\u00ed\u017ee 100 % softwarov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole.<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du lze rozd\u011blit na r\u016fzn\u00e9 metriky, v\u010detn\u011b pokryt\u00ed cest, segment\u016f, p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f a v\u011btv\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokryt\u00ed slo\u017een\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami je dal\u0161\u00edm typem metriky pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du, kter\u00e1 kontroluje, zda byla ka\u017ed\u00e1 podm\u00ednka v sad\u011b zkontrolov\u00e1na vedle v\u00edce cest a kombinac\u00ed cest.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Metriky_zavad\"><\/span><strong>2. Metriky z\u00e1vad<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Metriky defekt\u016f vyjad\u0159uj\u00ed, kolik defekt\u016f bylo nalezeno, jak dob\u0159e se v\u00e1m da\u0159\u00ed identifikovat defekty pomoc\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a kolik procent k\u00f3du pro\u0161lo nebo nepro\u0161lo testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky.<\/p>\n<p>Metriky defekt\u016f mohou b\u00fdt prezentov\u00e1ny jako po\u010det defekt\u016f na tis\u00edc \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f k\u00f3du nebo po\u010det celkov\u00fdch defekt\u016f v programu. I kdy\u017e se n\u00edzk\u00fd po\u010det z\u00e1vad m\u016f\u017ee zd\u00e1t pozitivn\u00ed, v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i mus\u00ed zajistit, aby to nebylo proto, \u017ee z\u00e1vady byly p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehl\u00e9dnuty.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Provedeni_testu\"><\/span><strong>3. Proveden\u00ed testu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Metriky prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed test\u016f mohou v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm pomoci rychle zjistit, jak\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z celkov\u00e9ho po\u010dtu test\u016f byla dosud provedena a kolik zb\u00fdv\u00e1 neproveden\u00fdch test\u016f. Metriky prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed text\u016f pom\u00e1haj\u00ed softwarov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm pochopit, jak daleko je testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky a zda automatizovan\u00e9 softwarov\u00e9 testy prob\u00edhaj\u00ed podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Je v\u0161ak mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee dojde k fale\u0161n\u011b pozitivn\u00edm i fale\u0161n\u011b negativn\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee ovlivnit p\u0159esnost t\u00e9to metriky.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Doba_trvani_testu\"><\/span><strong>4. Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed testu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Metriky trv\u00e1n\u00ed test\u016f n\u00e1m ukazuj\u00ed, jak dlouho trv\u00e1 spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed automatizovan\u00fdch test\u016f, co\u017e je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 zejm\u00e9na p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, proto\u017ee automatizace je nezbytn\u00e1 pro maximalizaci efektivity test\u016f a pokryt\u00ed test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Doba trv\u00e1n\u00ed test\u016f je \u010dasto \u00fazk\u00fdm m\u00edstem p\u0159i agiln\u00edm v\u00fdvoji softwaru, tak\u017ee porozum\u011bn\u00ed tomu, jak dlouho trv\u00e1 spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed softwarov\u00fdch test\u016f, m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdvojov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm pomoci urychlit proces v\u00fdvoje.<\/p>\n<p>Je v\u0161ak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee metriky trv\u00e1n\u00ed test\u016f nevypov\u00eddaj\u00ed nic o kvalit\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00fdch test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>N\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4102\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/agile2-1024x622.jpg\" alt=\"osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro agiln\u00ed a funk\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed automatizace softwaru\" width=\"394\" height=\"239\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/agile2-980x595.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/agile2-480x292.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>D\u00edky n\u00e1stroj\u016fm a technologi\u00edm m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk podstatn\u011b p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, efektivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. N\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk mohou softwarov\u00fdm in\u017een\u00fdr\u016fm pomoci automatizovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, zaznamen\u00e1vat a dokumentovat proces testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a \u0159\u00eddit testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk od za\u010d\u00e1tku do konce.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_nejlepsich_bezplatnych_nastroju_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>5 nejlep\u0161\u00edch bezplatn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"551\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg 551w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 551px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pokud zat\u00edm nechcete investovat do drah\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, m\u016f\u017eete si vyzkou\u0161et celou \u0159adu bezplatn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk online, ani\u017e byste museli cokoli platit.<\/p>\n<p>Bezplatn\u00e9 testovac\u00ed n\u00e1stroje nenab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u017edy v\u0161echny funkce jako podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, ale jsou dobr\u00fdm v\u00fdchoz\u00edm bodem pro za\u010d\u00e1te\u010dn\u00edky v oblasti testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a mohou v\u00fdvojov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm pomoci l\u00e9pe pochopit, jak\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a technologie pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_FREE_edition\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST FREE edition<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ZAPTEST<\/a> je n\u00e1stroj pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/rpa\">software pro automatizaci robotick\u00fdch proces\u016f<\/a>, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a tester\u016fm QA automatizovat testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch i \u010dern\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>Bezplatn\u00e1 verze ZAPTESTu umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00edce virtu\u00e1ln\u00edch u\u017eivatel\u016f, v\u00edce iterac\u00ed a podporu u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho f\u00f3ra. Aplikace pracuje s m\u00edstn\u00edmi i extern\u00edmi zdroji dat a integruje se s HP ALM, Rally a JIRA. U\u017eivatel\u00e9, kter\u00fdm se bezplatn\u00e1 nab\u00eddka ZAPTESTu l\u00edb\u00ed a cht\u011bj\u00ed vid\u011bt v\u00edce z toho, co spole\u010dnost nab\u00edz\u00ed, se mohou tak\u00e9 informovat o upgradu na podnikovou verzi, jakmile bude p\u0159ipravena.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Bugzilla\"><\/span>2. Bugzilla<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bugzilla je velmi popul\u00e1rn\u00ed open-source n\u00e1stroj pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm sledovat chyby a nedostatky v softwaru a spravovat jejich \u017eivotn\u00ed cyklus.<\/p>\n<p>Bugzilla umo\u017e\u0148uje snadno p\u0159i\u0159azovat chyby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, ur\u010dovat jejich priority, ov\u011b\u0159ovat je a po oprav\u011b je uzav\u00edrat. Bugzilla je skv\u011bl\u00fd n\u00e1stroj pro t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 se st\u00e1le sna\u017e\u00ed standardizovat sv\u016fj p\u0159\u00edstup k hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed chyb, a je zcela zdarma.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_OpenGrok\"><\/span>3. OpenGrok<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>OpenGrok je open source prohl\u00ed\u017ee\u010d k\u00f3du a vyhled\u00e1va\u010d v datab\u00e1zi k\u00f3du. Je kompatibiln\u00ed s k\u00f3dem napsan\u00fdm v jazyc\u00edch Java C++, JavaScript a Python a s dal\u0161\u00edmi programov\u00fdmi jazyky.<\/p>\n<p>Chcete-li se b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu rychle orientovat v rozs\u00e1hl\u00e9 datab\u00e1zi k\u00f3du, OpenGrok je zcela zdarma a snadno se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_SQLmap\"><\/span>4. SQLmap<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>SQLmap je dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem, kter\u00fd je pova\u017eov\u00e1n za t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezbytn\u00fd pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu. SQLmap reguluje pr\u016fb\u011bh vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb SQL injection.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00e1stroj SQLmap, kter\u00fd s\u00e1m sebe ozna\u010duje jako &#8222;n\u00e1stroj pro penetra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed&#8220;, m\u016f\u017ee tester\u016fm b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk pomoci identifikovat a lokalizovat bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed chyby ve zdrojov\u00e9m k\u00f3du a opravit je p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e se pust\u00ed do dal\u0161\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Emma\"><\/span>5. Emma<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Emma je sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f s otev\u0159en\u00fdm zdrojov\u00fdm k\u00f3dem, kter\u00e1 dok\u00e1\u017ee m\u011b\u0159it pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du, pokud pracujete v jazyce Java. Je to velmi rychl\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak rychle zjistit pokryt\u00ed k\u00f3du a sledovat, kolik k\u00f3du pokryl ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlen v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu individu\u00e1ln\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Emma podporuje pokryt\u00ed t\u0159\u00edd, metod, \u0159\u00e1dk\u016f a z\u00e1kladn\u00edch blok\u016f a je pln\u011b zalo\u017eena na Jav\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_nejlepsich_nastroju_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky_v_podniku\"><\/span><strong>5 nejlep\u0161\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v podniku<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-49014\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-1024x431.jpg\" alt=\"nejlep\u0161\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9 a podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru + automatizace RPA\" width=\"1024\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-980x413.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-480x202.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Pokud hled\u00e1te n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed funk\u010dnost nebo lep\u0161\u00ed podporu, mohou b\u00fdt pro v\u00e1\u0161 v\u00fdvojov\u00fd t\u00fdm vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_edition\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE edition<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Podnikov\u00e1 edice ZAPTESTu je vylep\u0161enou verz\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9ho ZAPTESTu. V t\u00e9to verzi mohou u\u017eivatel\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvat neomezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u0161ablon OCR, neomezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed iterac\u00ed a neomezen\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed skript\u016f VBScript a JavaScript.<\/p>\n<p>Podnikov\u00e1 edice ZAPTEST nab\u00edz\u00ed kompletn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed sadu n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed p\u0159ej\u00edt na automatizaci, a podnikov\u00e1 verze je tak\u00e9 vybavena odbornou podporou, aby v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm mohl maxim\u00e1ln\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-robotickou-automatizaci-procesu-rpa\">technologie<\/a> ZAPTEST pro <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-automatizaci-testovani-softwaru\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a> a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-robotickou-automatizaci-procesu-rpa\">RPA<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Skripec\"><\/span>2. Sk\u0159ipec<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Fiddler je sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f od spole\u010dnosti Telerik, kter\u00e1 je ur\u010dena k <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/web-apps-test-automation\">testov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed<\/a> v re\u017eimu white box. Fiddler dok\u00e1\u017ee zaznamen\u00e1vat ve\u0161ker\u00fd provoz HTTP mezi syst\u00e9mem a internetem a vyhodnocovat nastaven\u00e9 body p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed a upravovat odchoz\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edchoz\u00ed data. Je k dispozici v r\u016fzn\u00fdch form\u00e1tech v z\u00e1vislosti na va\u0161em rozpo\u010dtu a po\u017eadavc\u00edch, tak\u017ee existuje edice Fiddler t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 pro ka\u017ed\u00fd t\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_HP_Fortify\"><\/span>3. HP Fortify<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>HP Fortify, d\u0159\u00edve zn\u00e1m\u00fd jako Fortify, je dal\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00fd nab\u00edz\u00ed komplexn\u00ed bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. Sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f Fortify zahrnuje n\u00e1stroj Fortify Source Code Analysis, kter\u00fd automaticky skenuje zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d a hled\u00e1 v n\u011bm zranitelnosti, kter\u00e9 by mohly va\u0161i aplikaci vystavit kybernetick\u00fdm \u00fatok\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Jednotka_ABAP\"><\/span>4. Jednotka ABAP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Podnikov\u00e1 verze ABAP Unit umo\u017e\u0148uje v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm softwaru rychle a jednodu\u0161e prov\u00e1d\u011bt manu\u00e1ln\u00ed i automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek. V\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i p\u00ed\u0161\u00ed v r\u00e1mci aplikace ABAP jednotkov\u00e9 testy a pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed je k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed funkc\u00ed k\u00f3du a identifikaci chyb v r\u00e1mci jednotkov\u00fdch test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Softwarov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 si cht\u011bj\u00ed tento n\u00e1stroj vyzkou\u0161et, mohou za\u010d\u00edt s bezplatnou verz\u00ed ABAP Unit a teprve pot\u00e9 p\u0159ej\u00edt na podnikovou verzi.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_LDRA\"><\/span>5. LDRA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>LDRA je propriet\u00e1rn\u00ed sada n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 lze pou\u017e\u00edt pro pokryt\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkaz\u016f, pokryt\u00ed v\u011btv\u00ed a pokryt\u00ed rozhodnut\u00ed p\u0159i prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole. Je to vynikaj\u00edc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj, pokud chcete zkontrolovat, zda v\u00e1\u0161 zdrojov\u00fd k\u00f3d spl\u0148uje standardn\u00ed po\u017eadavky na shodu, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed a hygienu k\u00f3du.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kdy_byste_meli_pouzivat_podnikove\"><\/span><strong>Kdy byste m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat podnikov\u00e9  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"versus_bezplatne_nastroje_pro_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>versus bezplatn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"V\u00fdhody z\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed testovac\u00edho centra excelence. Li\u0161\u00ed se testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdkonnosti od funk\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed?\" width=\"213\" height=\"198\"><\/p>\n<p>Jak podnikov\u00e9, tak bezplatn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru maj\u00ed sv\u00e9 m\u00edsto v ka\u017ed\u00e9m modern\u00edm t\u00fdmu vyv\u00edjej\u00edc\u00edm software. Jak se v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm rozr\u016fst\u00e1 a automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed se st\u00e1v\u00e1 d\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm pro v\u00e1\u0161 p\u0159\u00edstup k testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b budete cht\u00edt p\u0159ej\u00edt od pr\u00e1ce s bezplatn\u00fdmi testovac\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji k pr\u00e1ci s podnikov\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed v\u00edce funkc\u00ed a neomezen\u00e9 mo\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Existuj\u00ed v\u0161ak specifick\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, ve kter\u00fdch mohou b\u00fdt freemium n\u00e1stroje vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje.<\/p>\n<p>Mnoho v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016f se p\u0159i experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed s nov\u00fdmi funkcemi a technologiemi rozhoduje za\u010d\u00edt s n\u00e1stroji s voln\u00fdm vstupn\u00fdm, p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm proto, aby p\u0159ed investic\u00ed do podnikov\u00fdch technologi\u00ed vyhodnotili, zda jsou tyto technologie pro jejich t\u00fdm vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>M\u016f\u017eete si tak\u00e9 vyzkou\u0161et bezplatn\u00e9 verze podnikov\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, jako je ZAPTEST, abyste si je mohli p\u0159ed n\u00e1kupem vyzkou\u0161et a zjistit v\u00edce o tom, co podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje nab\u00edzej\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>A kone\u010dn\u011b, n\u011bkter\u00e9 bezplatn\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje, jako je Emma a Bugzilla, se specializuj\u00ed na specifick\u00e9, ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 funkce, kter\u00e9 nab\u00edzej\u00ed trval\u00e9 v\u00fdhody i softwarov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm p\u0159ipraven\u00fdm platit za podnikov\u00e9 technologie.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testovani_bile_skrinky_kontrolni_seznam_tipy_a_triky\"><\/span><strong>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky: kontroln\u00ed seznam, tipy a triky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Software-testing-checklist-1024x681.jpeg\" alt=\"Kontroln\u00ed seznam pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"512\" height=\"341\"><\/p>\n<p>Kdy\u017e jste p\u0159ipraveni prov\u00e9st testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu, ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee m\u00e1te v\u0161e pot\u0159ebn\u00e9, ne\u017e za\u010dnete. N\u00ed\u017ee je uveden seznam v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba m\u00edt na pam\u011bti p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku, abyste maximalizovali pokryt\u00ed test\u016f a zlep\u0161ili p\u0159esnost v\u00fdsledk\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Pouziti_automatizacnich_nastroju\"><\/span><strong>1. Pou\u017eit\u00ed automatiza\u010dn\u00edch n\u00e1stroj\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Automatiza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1stroje mohou v\u00fdrazn\u011b urychlit proces prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, sn\u00ed\u017eit chybovost a zv\u00fd\u0161it celkovou p\u0159esnost.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny softwarov\u00e9 t\u00fdmy dnes pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed ur\u010ditou \u00farove\u0148 automatizace k prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, tak\u017ee experimentov\u00e1n\u00ed s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi automatiza\u010dn\u00edmi n\u00e1stroji a technologiemi p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee pomoci vybrat n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 chcete pou\u017e\u00edt p\u0159ed zah\u00e1jen\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Usilujte_o_100_pokryti_testy\"><\/span><strong>2. Usilujte o 100% pokryt\u00ed testy<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nedos\u00e1hnete sv\u00e9ho c\u00edle 100% pokryt\u00ed test\u016f, ale snaha o co nejbli\u017e\u0161\u00ed pokryt\u00ed je p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk nejlep\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pomoc\u00ed n\u00e1stroj\u016f pro m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed pokryt\u00ed test\u016f m\u016f\u017eete sledovat a m\u011b\u0159it jednotliv\u00e9 metriky, jako je pokryt\u00ed cest a v\u011btv\u00ed, a zajistit, aby byly b\u011bhem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho boxu pokryty v\u0161echny nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed cesty a v\u011btve va\u0161eho softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Vypracovani_prehlednych_zkusebnich_protokolu\"><\/span><strong>3. Vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ehledn\u00fdch zku\u0161ebn\u00edch protokol\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jin\u00fdch forem testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru se ujist\u011bte, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm v\u00ed, jak sestavit p\u0159esn\u00e9 a p\u0159ehledn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy o testech po ka\u017ed\u00e9 f\u00e1zi testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va o testov\u00e1n\u00ed by m\u011bla b\u00fdt naps\u00e1na ve srozumiteln\u00e9m form\u00e1tu a m\u011bla by obsahovat podrobnosti o p\u0159\u00edstupu k testov\u00e1n\u00ed a shrnut\u00ed v\u00fdstup\u016f a v\u00fdsledk\u016f ka\u017ed\u00e9ho proveden\u00e9ho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu. Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va by m\u011bla zd\u016fvodnit p\u0159ijat\u00e9 kroky a uv\u00e9st doporu\u010den\u00ed pro dal\u0161\u00ed postup.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Mereni_uspechu_pomoci_testovacich_metrik\"><\/span><strong>4. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bchu pomoc\u00ed testovac\u00edch metrik<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Metriky testov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1haj\u00ed softwarov\u00fdm t\u00fdm\u016fm sledovat a zaznamen\u00e1vat pr\u016fb\u011bh testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a nab\u00edzej\u00ed cenn\u00e9 informace, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt podkladem pro budouc\u00ed v\u00fdvojov\u00e9 procesy.<\/p>\n<p>Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i pou\u017e\u00edvali metriky, aby pochopili, jak efektivn\u00ed je testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, a jak \u010dist\u00fd byl jejich p\u016fvodn\u00ed k\u00f3d, aby mohli v budoucnu svou pr\u00e1ci zlep\u0161it.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky:  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zaver-2\"><\/span><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-42444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cropped-zt-icon-150x150-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"146\" height=\"146\"><\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky v softwarov\u00e9m in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed je z\u00e1kladn\u00ed typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00fd ov\u011b\u0159uje vnit\u0159n\u00ed strukturu a logiku zdrojov\u00e9ho k\u00f3du softwarov\u00e9 aplikace.<\/p>\n<p>Ve spojen\u00ed s testov\u00e1n\u00edm \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky se testov\u00e1n\u00edm b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zji\u0161\u0165uje nejen to, zda software funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 to, zda je vnit\u0159n\u00ed k\u00f3d logick\u00fd, \u010dist\u00fd a \u00fapln\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole se nej\u010dast\u011bji prov\u00e1d\u00ed v r\u00e1mci testov\u00e1n\u00ed jednotek a integra\u010dn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed a v\u017edy je prov\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i a softwarov\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i s kompletn\u00ed znalost\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00edho k\u00f3du softwaru.<\/p>\n<p>I kdy\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 testy b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku lze prov\u00e1d\u011bt ru\u010dn\u011b, dnes je mnoho test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku automatizov\u00e1no d\u00edky zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed rychlosti, efektivity a pokryt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku nab\u00edz\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casto_kladene_dotazy_a_zdroje\"><\/span><strong>\u010casto kladen\u00e9 dotazy a zdroje<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3646\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/checklist.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>Pokud se chcete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu, m\u016f\u017eete vyu\u017e\u00edt spoustu bezplatn\u00fdch online zdroj\u016f. Pomoc\u00ed vide\u00ed, knih a dal\u0161\u00edch zdroj\u016f se m\u016f\u017eete nau\u010dit, jak prov\u00e1d\u011bt testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu, a zajistit, aby va\u0161e standardy testov\u00e1n\u00ed white boxu odpov\u00eddaly osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdm postup\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Nejlepsi_kurzy_automatizace_testovani_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>1. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed kurzy automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se chcete dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce o automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, m\u016f\u017eete nav\u0161t\u00edvit kurz o testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru a testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto kurz\u016f jsou akreditovan\u00e9 a nab\u00edzej\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed kvalifikaci, zat\u00edmco jin\u00e9 jsou neform\u00e1ln\u00ed online kurzy ur\u010den\u00e9 v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159\u016fm a tester\u016fm softwaru, kte\u0159\u00ed si cht\u011bj\u00ed zlep\u0161it sv\u00e9 znalosti v ur\u010dit\u00e9m oboru.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi nejlep\u0161\u00ed kurzy testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, kter\u00e9 jsou dnes k dispozici online, pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.edx.org\/course\/automated-software-testing-unit-testing-coverage-2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Edx: Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/course\/testerbootcamp\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Udemy: Kompletn\u00ed bootcamp pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru 2023<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.udemy.com\/course\/cucumber-tutorial\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Udemy: Nau\u010dte se Cucumber BDD s Javou<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.pluralsight.com\/courses\/automated-testing-end-to-end\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pluralsight: Pluralight: Automatizovan\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed: End to End<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Jakych_je_pet_nejcastejsich_otazek_pri_pohovoru_o_automatizaci_testovani_bilych_skrinek\"><\/span><strong>2. Jak\u00fdch je p\u011bt nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch ot\u00e1zek p\u0159i pohovoru o automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se p\u0159ipravujete na pohovor, kde m\u016f\u017eete diskutovat o testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk, technik\u00e1ch b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a n\u00e1stroj\u00edch pro automatizaci, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, abyste v\u011bd\u011bli.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00fd je rozd\u00edl mezi white box testov\u00e1n\u00edm a black box testov\u00e1n\u00edm?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pro\u010d je testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 jsou r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy k testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 procesy jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed white box testov\u00e1n\u00ed a jak je m\u016f\u017eeme zlep\u0161it?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje a technologie m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt k urychlen\u00ed nebo zp\u0159esn\u011bn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Nejlepsi_navody_na_testovani_bileho_ramecku_na_YouTube\"><\/span><strong>3. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1vody na testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku na YouTube<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Pokud se chcete o testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku dozv\u011bd\u011bt v\u00edce, sledov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdukov\u00fdch program\u016f na YouTube v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee pochopit, jak testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku funguje, a prohl\u00e9dnout si n\u00e1zorn\u00e1 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed proces\u016f a p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho r\u00e1me\u010dku.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi nejinformativn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdukov\u00e9 programy na YouTube pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=KIAkoae6_jE\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Udacity: P\u0159\u00edklad testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3bJcvBLJViQ\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Guru99: Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=ucmIS3z7mqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 a \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=WYx9eJZasZw&amp;list=PL6rNxempA_5TIwBo2xxmKSGxEsb-lzAUF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Techniky testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=a-nn_lXf1uA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mentor testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru: Co je to testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Jak_udrzovat_testy_bile_skrinky\"><\/span><strong>4. Jak udr\u017eovat testy b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00dadr\u017eba test\u016f softwaru zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 testy budou v\u017edy d\u016fkladn\u00e9 a vhodn\u00e9 pro dan\u00fd \u00fa\u010del. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 udr\u017eovat v\u0161echny typy test\u016f softwaru v r\u00e1mci blackbox i whitebox testov\u00e1n\u00ed, proto\u017ee k\u00f3d, na kter\u00e9m testy prov\u00e1d\u00edte, se neust\u00e1le m\u011bn\u00ed s ka\u017edou opravou chyby a iterac\u00ed. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se spolu s n\u00edm mus\u00ed zm\u011bnit i va\u0161e testovac\u00ed skripty.<\/p>\n<p>\u00dadr\u017eba test\u016f b\u00edl\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky zahrnuje udr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho r\u00e1mce pro automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed a prosazov\u00e1n\u00ed proces\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed zajistit pravidelnou aktualizaci test\u016f a testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Toho m\u016f\u017eete doc\u00edlit tak, \u017ee:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zapracovani_udrzby_do_navrhu_testu\"><\/span><strong>Zapracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fadr\u017eby do n\u00e1vrhu test\u016f:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Zohledn\u011bn\u00ed budoucnosti test\u016f white box ji\u017e p\u0159i jejich vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed usnadn\u00ed jejich \u00fadr\u017ebu v budoucnu.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Umoznit_jasnou_komunikaci_mezi_tymy\"><\/span><strong>Umo\u017enit jasnou komunikaci mezi t\u00fdmy:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee v\u0161ichni \u010dlenov\u00e9 va\u0161eho v\u00fdvojov\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu maj\u00ed k dispozici v\u00edce komunika\u010dn\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f, aby se zm\u011bny v k\u00f3du mohly rychle prom\u00edtnout do test\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Budte_prizpusobivi\"><\/span><strong>Bu\u010fte p\u0159izp\u016fsobiv\u00ed:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>N\u011bkdy se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t, \u017ee v k\u00f3du provedete zm\u011bny, kter\u00e9 jste nepl\u00e1novali. Ujist\u011bte se, \u017ee v\u00e1\u0161 t\u00fdm v\u00ed, jak se rychle p\u0159izp\u016fsobit t\u011bmto zm\u011bn\u00e1m, a m\u00e1 schopnosti tyto zm\u011bny sledovat v testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Neustale_prehodnocujte_testovaci_protokoly\"><\/span><strong>Neust\u00e1le p\u0159ehodnocujte testovac\u00ed protokoly:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Testovac\u00ed protokoly, kter\u00e9 jste zavedli na za\u010d\u00e1tku testov\u00e1n\u00ed, nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt vhodn\u00e9, jakmile v\u00e1\u0161 software projde r\u016fzn\u00fdmi zm\u011bnami a vylep\u0161en\u00edmi. V pravideln\u00fdch f\u00e1z\u00edch p\u0159ehodnocujte sv\u00e9 testovac\u00ed protokoly, abyste ov\u011b\u0159ili, zda jsou st\u00e1le vhodn\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Nejlepsi_knihy_o_testovani_bilych_skrinek\"><\/span><strong>5. Nejlep\u0161\u00ed knihy o testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9ho pole je hlubok\u00e9 t\u00e9ma, jeho\u017e zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee trvat roky. Pokud se chcete st\u00e1t odborn\u00edkem na modern\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru metodou white box, m\u016f\u017eete si p\u0159e\u010d\u00edst knihy o testov\u00e1n\u00ed metodou white box, kter\u00e9 napsali v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i, akademici a in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mezi nejlep\u0161\u00ed knihy o testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk a automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The Art of Software Testing, Third Edition by Glenford J. Myers, Corey Sandler, Tom Badgett, Todd M. Thomas<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru: Jorgensen: Testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru: \u0159emesln\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, \u010dtvrt\u00e9 vyd\u00e1n\u00ed, Paul C. Jorgensen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Jak rozb\u00edt software: James Whittaker: Praktick\u00fd pr\u016fvodce testov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru Just Enough od Dana Mosleyho a Bruce Poseyho<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Tyto knihy byste m\u011bli naj\u00edt v n\u011bkter\u00fdch knihkupectv\u00edch a knihovn\u00e1ch i na internetu. V seznamech \u010detby dobr\u00fdch kurz\u016f a program\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru naleznete tak\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed materi\u00e1ly a studijn\u00ed zdroje.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>White box je kategorie testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00e1 se t\u00fdk\u00e1 metod testov\u00e1n\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed vnit\u0159n\u00ed struktury a n\u00e1vrhu softwaru. Je to kontrast k testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dern\u00e9 sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ky, co\u017e je testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se nezab\u00fdv\u00e1 vnit\u0159n\u00edmi operacemi softwaru, ale testuje pouze vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstupy softwaru. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se budeme zab\u00fdvat t\u00e9matem testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk: co to je, jak funguje a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14624,"featured_media":12654,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_titles_title":"Testov\u00e1n\u00ed b\u00edl\u00fdch sk\u0159\u00edn\u011bk - typy, proces, n\u00e1stroje a dal\u0161\u00ed!  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