{"id":74641,"date":"2024-01-04T13:00:35","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T13:00:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi"},"modified":"2024-01-04T13:00:35","modified_gmt":"2024-01-04T13:00:35","slug":"negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi","title":{"rendered":"Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru &#8211; co to je, typy, proces, p\u0159\u00edstupy, n\u00e1stroje a dal\u0161\u00ed!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je technika, kter\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159uje, jak aplikace reaguje na neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo neplatn\u00e1 data. Tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee t\u00fdm\u016fm zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edm kvalitu pomoci zlep\u0161it robustnost a stabilitu softwaru t\u00edm, \u017ee odhal\u00ed v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zamrznut\u00ed, p\u00e1dy nebo jin\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed v\u00fdsledky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se sezn\u00e1m\u00edme s t\u00edm, co je to negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, pro\u010d je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a jak\u00e9 r\u016fzn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edstupy, techniky a n\u00e1stroje lze pro tuto techniku pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Co_je_negativni_testovani_softwaru\" >Co je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Rozdil_mezi_pozitivnim_a_negativnim_testovanim\" >Rozd\u00edl mezi pozitivn\u00edm a negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#testovani_pri_testovani_softwaru\" >testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Proc_je_negativni_testovani_softwaru_nezbytne\" >Pro\u010d je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru nezbytn\u00e9?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Jaky_je_ucel_negativniho_testovani\" >Jak\u00fd je \u00fa\u010del negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#v_testovani_softwaru\" >v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Odhalovani_zavad\" >1. Odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vad<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Zabezpeceni\" >2. Zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Zpracovani_chyb\" >3. Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Zlepseni_pokryti_testu\" >4. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Lepsi_uzivatelska_zkusenost\" >5. Lep\u0161\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 zku\u0161enost<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Rozdil_mezi_pozitivnim_a_negativnim\" >Rozd\u00edl mezi pozitivn\u00edm a negativn\u00edm<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#testovani_v_softwarovem_inzenyrstvi\" >testov\u00e1n\u00ed v softwarov\u00e9m in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Cile\" >1. C\u00edle:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Udaje\" >2. \u00dadaje:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Zamereni\" >3. Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Ruzne_typy_negativnich_testu\" >R\u016fzn\u00e9 typy negativn\u00edch test\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Testovani_hranicnich_hodnot\" >#1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Testovani_vstupnich_hodnot\" >#2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed vstupn\u00edch hodnot<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Testovani_zateze\" >#3. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Testovani_vyjimek\" >#4. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimek<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Testovani_zabezpeceni\" >#5. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Testovani_uzivatelskeho_rozhrani\" >#6. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_Testovani_integrity_dat\" >#7. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity dat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Vyhody_negativniho_testovani\" >V\u00fdhody negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Nevyhody_negativniho_testovani\" >Nev\u00fdhody negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Vyzvy_negativniho_testovani\" >V\u00fdzvy negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Identifikace_negativnich_scenaru_pri_testovani_softwaru\" >1. Identifikace negativn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Dostatecne_pokryti\" >Dostate\u010dn\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Stanoveni_priorit\" >Stanoven\u00ed priorit:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Navrhovani_vhodnych_negativnich_testovacich_pripadu\" >2. Navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch negativn\u00edch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Overovani_vstupu\" >Ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vstup\u016f:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Rozmanitost_dat\" >Rozmanitost dat:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Efektivita_a_automatizace_testovani\" >3. Efektivita a automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Casova_narocnost\" >\u010casov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Slozitost_automatizace\" >Slo\u017eitost automatizace:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Vyhodnoceni_vysledku\" >4. Vyhodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Falesne_pozitivni_vysledky\" >Fale\u0161n\u011b pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Nejednoznacne_vysledky\" >Nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Sprava_dat\" >Spr\u00e1va dat:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Organizacni_otazky\" >5. Organiza\u010dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Nedostatek_odbornych_znalosti_v_oblasti_negativniho_testovani\" >Nedostatek odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed v oblasti negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Obchodni_tlak\" >Obchodn\u00ed tlak:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Jak_psat_negativni_testovaci_pripady_testovani_softwaru\" >Jak ps\u00e1t negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Stanovte_si_sve_cile\" >#1. Stanovte si sv\u00e9 c\u00edle<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Nastinit_mozne_negativni_scenare\" >#2. Nast\u00ednit mo\u017en\u00e9 negativn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Nastinit_ocekavane_vysledky\" >#3. Nast\u00ednit o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Vyber_vstupu_pro_testovani\" >#4. V\u00fdb\u011br vstup\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Napiste_sve_testovaci_pripady\" >#5. Napi\u0161te sv\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Naplanujte_test\" >#6. Napl\u00e1nujte test<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Priklad_negativniho_testovaciho_pripadu\" >P\u0159\u00edklad negativn\u00edho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Priklady_negativnich_scenaru_pri_testovani_softwaru\" >P\u0159\u00edklady negativn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Typy_dat_a_poli\" >1. Typy dat a pol\u00ed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Povinna_pole\" >2. Povinn\u00e1 pole<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Vhodny_pocet_znaku\" >3. Vhodn\u00fd po\u010det znak\u016f<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Omezeni_a_limity_dat\" >4. Omezen\u00ed a limity dat<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Osvedcene_postupy_pro_negativni_testovani\" >Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#1_Definujte_neplatne_vstupy\" >1. Definujte neplatn\u00e9 vstupy:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#2_Pouzijte_analyzu_okrajovych_hodnot\" >2. Pou\u017eijte anal\u00fdzu okrajov\u00fdch hodnot:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#3_Rozdeleni_zamestnancu_podle_ekvivalence\" >3. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podle ekvivalence:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#4_Napodobujte_spatne_uzivatele\" >4. Napodobujte \u0161patn\u00e9 u\u017eivatele:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#5_Nechte_se_pri_testovani_ridit_riziky_a_dopady\" >5. Nechte se p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00eddit riziky a dopady:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#6_Overeni_zpracovani_chyb\" >6. Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#7_Co_nejvice_automatizujte\" >7. Co nejv\u00edce automatizujte:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Nejlepsi_nastroje_pro_negativni_testovani_v_roce_2024\" >Nejlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2024<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/negativni-testovani-v-testovani-softwaru-co-to-je-typy-proces-pristupy-nastroje-a-dalsi\/#Zaverecne_myslenky\" >Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_je_negativni_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>Co je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-dominant-color=\"8e8185\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #8e8185;\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-73982 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-1024x684.webp\" alt=\"Inkrement\u00e1ln\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru - hlubok\u00fd ponor do toho, co to je, typy, proces, p\u0159\u00edstupy, n\u00e1stroje a dal\u0161\u00ed!\" width=\"588\" height=\"393\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-1024x684.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-300x200.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-768x513.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-1536x1026.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-1080x721.webp 1080w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-1280x855.webp 1280w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-980x654.webp 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-480x321.webp 480w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/Incremental-testing-in-Software-testing-jpeg.webp 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 588px) 100vw, 588px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je technika testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, p\u0159i kter\u00e9 se do syst\u00e9mu z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b vkl\u00e1daj\u00ed neplatn\u00e9 vstupy nebo neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 data, aby se zjistilo, jak si s t\u011bmito sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i porad\u00ed. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup, zn\u00e1m\u00fd tak\u00e9 jako testov\u00e1n\u00ed selh\u00e1n\u00ed nebo testov\u00e1n\u00ed chybov\u00fdch cest, simuluje r\u016fznorod\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, se kter\u00fdmi se va\u0161e aplikace setk\u00e1 v re\u00e1ln\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b, jako je zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed neplatn\u00fdch dat nebo znak\u016f u\u017eivateli nebo pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch funkc\u00ed zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd jste nikdy nezam\u00fd\u0161leli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u011bt\u0161ina typ\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 k testov\u00e1n\u00ed aplikace platn\u00e1 data. Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 odli\u0161n\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, kdy se testuje na okraj\u00edch a mimo typick\u00e9 vstupy a zji\u0161\u0165uje se, jak aplikace zpracov\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00fdjimky.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 otestovat, zda aplikace funguje tak, jak m\u00e1. Na druhou stranu je v\u0161ak tak\u00e9 d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pochopit, co se stane, kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel\u00e9 p\u0159ekro\u010d\u00ed meze, zejm\u00e9na pokud tato nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e1 pou\u017eit\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed p\u00e1dy, zamrznut\u00ed nebo jin\u00e9 z\u00e1vady.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozdil_mezi_pozitivnim_a_negativnim_testovanim\"><\/span><strong>Rozd\u00edl mezi pozitivn\u00edm a negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"testovani_pri_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>  testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-dominant-color=\"acaeab\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #acaeab;\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-66061 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pexels-thisisengineering-3862619-jpg.webp\" alt=\"v\u00fdhody rpa\" width=\"640\" height=\"960\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak jsme uvedli v\u00fd\u0161e, negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 nebo neplatn\u00e1 data k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. Naproti tomu pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 nebo platn\u00e1 data k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed, \u017ee syst\u00e9m funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jin\u00fdmi slovy:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee zjistit, zda va\u0161e aplikace funguje podle pl\u00e1nu.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed zji\u0161\u0165uje, zda aplikace zvl\u00e1dne neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud chcete aplikaci d\u016fkladn\u011b otestovat, je p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru nutn\u00e9 jak pozitivn\u00ed, tak negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Proc_je_negativni_testovani_softwaru_nezbytne\"><\/span><strong>Pro\u010d je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru nezbytn\u00e9?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-dominant-color=\"302b27\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #302b27;\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-65944 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pexels-mikhail-fesenko-9553909-jpg.webp\" alt=\"Pro\u010d je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed kritick\u00e9?\" width=\"288\" height=\"432\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kdy\u017e v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed software, maj\u00ed jasnou p\u0159edstavu o tom, jak o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017eivatel bude software pou\u017e\u00edvat. U\u017eivatel\u00e9 v\u0161ak ne v\u017edy dodr\u017euj\u00ed pravidla. \u010casto se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed kliknout na neexistuj\u00edc\u00ed tla\u010d\u00edtka, zad\u00e1vat p\u00edsmena do \u010d\u00edseln\u00fdch pol\u00ed nebo se pokou\u0161ej\u00ed o vstupy, kter\u00e9 prost\u011b neo\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1te.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00edlem negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed je zohlednit tyto okrajov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 nelze odhalit pomoc\u00ed pozitivn\u00edch testovac\u00edch technik, jako jsou nap\u0159. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-jednotek-hloubkovy-ponor-do-procesu-vyhod-vyzev-nastroju-a-dalsiho\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">unit<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-systemu-podrobny-prehled-pristupu-typu-nastroju-tipu-a-triku-a-dalsich-informaci\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">syst\u00e9mu<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">nebo <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-integracni-testovani-hluboky-ponor-do-typu-procesu-a-implementace\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">integra\u010dn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Vym\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed &#8222;o\u0159\u00ed\u0161k\u016f&#8220;, kter\u00e9 by se daly syst\u00e9mu p\u0159edhodit, vy\u017eaduje netradi\u010dn\u00ed my\u0161len\u00ed. V\u00fdsledkem je v\u0161ak stabiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a robustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aplikace.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jaky_je_ucel_negativniho_testovani\"><\/span><strong>Jak\u00fd je \u00fa\u010del negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"v_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>  v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru?<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img data-dominant-color=\"7e7883\" data-has-transparency=\"false\" style=\"--dominant-color: #7e7883;\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-65670 not-transparent\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pexels-startup-stock-photos-7374-jpg.webp\" alt=\"Budoucnost robotick\u00e9 automatizace proces\u016f ve zdravotnictv\u00ed\" width=\"418\" height=\"279\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00e1 podobn\u00e9 c\u00edle jako jin\u00e9 typy testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru. Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b jde o odhalen\u00ed chyb, nedostatk\u016f a zranitelnost\u00ed v aplikaci. Zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed roli v\u0161ak hraje p\u0159i hled\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vad, kter\u00e9 nelze odhalit pomoc\u00ed platn\u00fdch dat. Zde jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 z d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d zvolit negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Odhalovani_zavad\"><\/span><strong>1. Odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1vad<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hlavn\u00edm \u00fa\u010delem negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je odhalit chyby, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledkem neplatn\u00fdch dat nebo neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch vstup\u016f. Umo\u017e\u0148uje tester\u016fm zaujmout aktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k odhalov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb a zajistit, aby software spl\u0148oval o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Zabezpeceni\"><\/span><strong>2. Zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 vstupy nebo neplatn\u00e1 data mohou odhalit zranitelnosti zabezpe\u010den\u00ed. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto okrajov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f vede k bezpe\u010dn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a robustn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed aplikaci, proto\u017ee sni\u017euje mo\u017enost \u0161kodliv\u00fdch \u00fatok\u016f, chyb v injekt\u00e1\u017ei nebo pokus\u016f o neopr\u00e1vn\u011bn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Zpracovani_chyb\"><\/span><strong>3. Zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pro ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb. Nejde jen o to, aby syst\u00e9m z\u016fstal stabiln\u00ed po setk\u00e1n\u00ed s neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi vstupy nebo daty, ale tak\u00e9 o to, jak na tyto ud\u00e1losti reaguje, nap\u0159\u00edklad vytv\u00e1\u0159en\u00edm chybov\u00fdch hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, aby koncov\u00fd u\u017eivatel v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee data jsou neplatn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Zlepseni_pokryti_testu\"><\/span><strong>4. Zlep\u0161en\u00ed pokryt\u00ed test\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozitivn\u00ed a negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed se p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru velmi dob\u0159e dopl\u0148uj\u00ed. Ob\u011b zahrnuj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 prvky zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat, co\u017e znamen\u00e1, \u017ee va\u0161e testov\u00e1n\u00ed je komplexn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Lepsi_uzivatelska_zkusenost\"><\/span><strong>5. Lep\u0161\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 zku\u0161enost<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed pom\u00e1h\u00e1 odhalit zdroj chybov\u00fdch hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed, p\u00e1d\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edho neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt negativn\u00ed dopad na u\u017eivatelskou zku\u0161enost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozdil_mezi_pozitivnim_a_negativnim\"><\/span><strong>Rozd\u00edl mezi pozitivn\u00edm a negativn\u00edm  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"testovani_v_softwarovem_inzenyrstvi\"><\/span><strong>testov\u00e1n\u00ed v softwarov\u00e9m in\u017een\u00fdrstv\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-59582\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/img80.png\" alt=\"alfa testov\u00e1n\u00ed vs. beta testov\u00e1n\u00ed\" width=\"195\" height=\"326\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/img80.png 479w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/img80-180x300.png 180w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 195px) 100vw, 195px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak jsme se zm\u00ednili v\u00fd\u0161e, negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed odes\u00edl\u00e1 neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 nebo neplatn\u00e1 data, aby ov\u011b\u0159ilo chov\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed naopak odes\u00edl\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e1 nebo platn\u00e1 data, aby se ov\u011b\u0159ilo, \u017ee syst\u00e9m funguje podle o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rozd\u00edl mezi pozitivn\u00edm a negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Cile\"><\/span><b>1. C\u00edle:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159uje, zda software funguje tak, jak bylo zam\u00fd\u0161leno; negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed zjistit, co se stane v nezam\u00fd\u0161len\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Udaje\"><\/span><b>2. \u00dadaje:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 platn\u00e1 data a negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 neplatn\u00e9 vstupy, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed hodnoty a neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 form\u00e1ty.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Zamereni\"><\/span><strong>3. Zam\u011b\u0159en\u00ed:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed se zam\u011b\u0159uje na \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, zat\u00edmco negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 sp\u00ed\u0161e ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ruzne_typy_negativnich_testu\"><\/span><strong>R\u016fzn\u00e9 typy negativn\u00edch test\u016f  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-59453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Beta-Testing-What-it-is-Types-Processes-Approaches-Tools-vs.-Alpha-testing-More-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"Beta testov\u00e1n\u00ed - co to je, typy, postupy, p\u0159\u00edstupy, n\u00e1stroje, vs. alfa testov\u00e1n\u00ed a dal\u0161\u00ed!\" width=\"462\" height=\"308\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je pojem, kter\u00fd zahrnuje n\u011bkolik r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kvality a integrity aplikace. Zde je sedm typ\u016f negativn\u00edch test\u016f, kter\u00e9 byste m\u011bli zn\u00e1t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Testovani_hranicnich_hodnot\"><\/span><strong>#1. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00edlem testov\u00e1n\u00ed hrani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot je otestovat software pomoc\u00ed vstup\u016f, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed na hranic\u00edch nebo okraj\u00edch vstupn\u00edho rozsahu. Testuje jak maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed, tak minim\u00e1ln\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 hodnoty, ale testuje i hodnoty t\u011bsn\u011b za t\u011bmito vstupy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Vstupn\u00ed pole umo\u017e\u0148uje zad\u00e1vat \u010d\u00edsla od 1 do 9. Test hrani\u010dn\u00edch hodnot zad\u00e1 hodnoty 1 a 9, ale tak\u00e9 testuje hodnoty 0 a 10.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Testovani_vstupnich_hodnot\"><\/span><strong>#2. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed vstupn\u00edch hodnot<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed vstupn\u00edch hodnot ur\u010duje, jak bude syst\u00e9m reagovat na neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 nebo neplatn\u00e9 vstupy. Mezi vstupy, kter\u00e9 testuje, pat\u0159\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 datov\u00e9 typy  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hodnoty mimo rozsah  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed znaky  <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 pole.  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159\u00edklad: Vstupn\u00ed pole vy\u017eaduje pouze \u010d\u00edslo, proto se v testu zad\u00e1 p\u00edsmeno a zjist\u00ed se, jak syst\u00e9m zareaguje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Testovani_zateze\"><\/span><strong>#3. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/co-je-testovani-zateze-hloubkovy-ponor-do-typu-postupu-nastroju-vyzev-a-dalsich-aspektu\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ee<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> pom\u00e1h\u00e1 tester\u016fm vyhodnotit, jak bude syst\u00e9m reagovat p\u0159i velk\u00e9m zat\u00ed\u017een\u00ed nebo z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei, jako jsou velk\u00e9 datov\u00e9 soubory nebo velk\u00fd objem provozu. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-automatizaci-testovani-softwaru\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1stroje pro automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed <\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">mohou tyto extr\u00e9mn\u00ed podm\u00ednky simulovat, aby pochopily, jak syst\u00e9m reaguje pod tlakem.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> P\u0159\u00edklad: Tester bude simulovat tis\u00edce u\u017eivatel\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b p\u0159istupuj\u00ed k webov\u00e9 str\u00e1nce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Testovani_vyjimek\"><\/span><strong>#4. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdjimek<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed zkoum\u00e1, jak bude syst\u00e9m reagovat na v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti nebo chyby. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto test\u016f zahrnuj\u00ed  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Simulace selh\u00e1n\u00ed syst\u00e9mu<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Selh\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chyby datab\u00e1ze<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probl\u00e9my s m\u00edstem na disku<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed soubory.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159\u00edklad: Test m\u016f\u017ee zkoumat, co se stane, kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel stahuje soubor z aplikace a internet je p\u0159eru\u0161en.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Testovani_zabezpeceni\"><\/span><strong>#5. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zabezpe\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edstup negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed k odhalen\u00ed a pochopen\u00ed zranitelnost\u00ed softwaru, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt odhaleny neplatn\u00fdmi nebo neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi vstupy. Tento p\u0159\u00edstup testuje b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 \u00fatoky, jako jsou:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Injekce SQL<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cross-site scripting (XSS)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159ete\u010den\u00ed vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00ed pam\u011bti.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> P\u0159\u00edklad: Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00ed test se m\u016f\u017ee pokusit vlo\u017eit \u0161kodliv\u00fd k\u00f3d do vstupn\u00edho pole u\u017eivatele.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Testovani_uzivatelskeho_rozhrani\"><\/span><strong>#6. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9ho rozhran\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tento druh testov\u00e1n\u00ed se zam\u011b\u0159uje na chyby, kter\u00e9 se objevuj\u00ed p\u0159i interakci u\u017eivatele se softwarem. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich se pokus\u00ed zjistit:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 reakce na interakce u\u017eivatele<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 chybov\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Probl\u00e9my s navigac\u00ed  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Test bude zkoumat, co se stane, kdy\u017e se ur\u010dit\u00e9 akce provedou mimo po\u0159ad\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Testovani_integrity_dat\"><\/span><strong>#7. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity dat<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Testov\u00e1n\u00ed integrity dat zaji\u0161\u0165uje, \u017ee data z\u016fst\u00e1vaj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00e1 a konzistentn\u00ed p\u0159i r\u016fzn\u00fdch operac\u00edch v r\u00e1mci aplikace. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z testovan\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed zahrnuj\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00ed dat<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e ztr\u00e1ty dat<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ne\u00famysln\u00e9 \u00fapravy dat<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>P\u0159\u00edklad:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Test ov\u011b\u0159\u00ed, zda data z\u016fstanou po p\u0159enosu stejn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak vid\u00edte, existuje mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edstup\u016f k negativn\u00edmu testov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u0161em je spole\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017eit\u00ed neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch vstup\u016f nebo neplatn\u00fdch dat, aby se zjistilo, jak aplikace funguje za netypick\u00fdch podm\u00ednek.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyhody_negativniho_testovani\"><\/span><strong>V\u00fdhody negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-58915\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pexels-artem-podrez-8518633.jpg\" alt=\"v\u00fdhody negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed\" width=\"502\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pexels-artem-podrez-8518633.jpg 502w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/pexels-artem-podrez-8518633-480x320.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 502px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed spo\u010d\u00edv\u00e1 v pochopen\u00ed toho, jak aplikace funguje v neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch situac\u00edch. Zde jsou n\u011bkter\u00e9 z hlavn\u00edch v\u00fdhod tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu.  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pom\u016f\u017ee v\u00e1m pochopit, jak\u00fd dopad budou m\u00edt neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 vstupy nebo neplatn\u00e1 data na va\u0161i aplikaci. Dojde k hav\u00e1rii? Vyplivne nep\u0159esnou chybovou zpr\u00e1vu?<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed odpov\u011bdn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvality, proto\u017ee se sna\u017e\u00ed odhalit slab\u00e1 m\u00edsta v syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u011b\u0159uje software t\u00edm, \u017ee testuje jeho reakce na nep\u0159edv\u00eddan\u00e9 nebo neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, se kter\u00fdmi se setk\u00e1 v praxi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je op\u011bt nezbytnou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed d\u016fkladn\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu k zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, proto\u017ee upozor\u0148uje na potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed vektory \u00fatoku, kter\u00e9 by mohli kyberneti\u010dt\u00ed \u00fato\u010dn\u00edci vyu\u017e\u00edt.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nevyhody_negativniho_testovani\"><\/span><strong>Nev\u00fdhody negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56614\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-uat-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"kontroln\u00ed seznam uat, n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed webov\u00fdch aplikac\u00ed, automatizace a dal\u0161\u00ed\" width=\"629\" height=\"419\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed \u0159adu v\u00fdhod, ale m\u00e1 i n\u011bkter\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba p\u0159ekonat.  <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u016fkladn\u00e9 negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee vy\u017eadovat dal\u0161\u00ed hardware a software, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161it n\u00e1klady na testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Pro t\u00fdmy s omezen\u00fdm rozpo\u010dtem to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9, proto\u017ee vy\u017eaduje vytvo\u0159en\u00ed mnoha testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 pokryj\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e9 permutace vstup\u016f, s nimi\u017e se software setk\u00e1 ve v\u00fdrob\u011b.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mno\u017estv\u00ed nep\u0159edv\u00eddateln\u00fdch situac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete pokr\u00fdt negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm, je omezen\u00e9. N\u011bkter\u00e9 situace mohou b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u011b tak neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9, \u017ee je teste\u0159i nemohou vz\u00edt v \u00favahu.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automatizace negativn\u00edch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1. Se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm softwarem, jako je ZAPTEST, je v\u0161ak tento proces mnohem l\u00e9pe zvl\u00e1dnuteln\u00fd.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vyzvy_negativniho_testovani\"><\/span><strong>V\u00fdzvy negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/UAT-testing-comparison-to-regression-testing-and-other-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"Srovn\u00e1n\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed UAT s regresn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm a dal\u0161\u00edmi testy\" width=\"423\" height=\"282\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud chcete vytvo\u0159it robustn\u00ed a spolehliv\u00fd software, kter\u00fd bude schopen odolat z\u00e1t\u011b\u017ei a nap\u011bt\u00ed p\u0159i interakci s u\u017eivateli, je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9. Zaveden\u00ed tohoto p\u0159\u00edstupu v\u0161ak nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na ur\u010dit\u00e9 probl\u00e9my, kter\u00fdch je t\u0159eba si b\u00fdt v\u011bdom.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Poj\u010fme si rozebrat n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejtrvalej\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Identifikace_negativnich_scenaru_pri_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>1. Identifikace negativn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dostatecne_pokryti\"><\/span><b>Dostate\u010dn\u00e9 pokryt\u00ed:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jednou z nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdzev p\u0159i negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed je zajistit, abyste pokryli dostate\u010dn\u00fd po\u010det neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f. Existuje mnoho negativn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f a permutac\u00ed, tak\u017ee jejich zv\u00e1\u017een\u00ed vy\u017eaduje kreativn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup k p\u0159edstav\u011b, jak budou u\u017eivatel\u00e9 se softwarem pracovat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Stanoveni_priorit\"><\/span><b>Stanoven\u00ed priorit:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">S tolika potenci\u00e1ln\u00edmi negativn\u00edmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba podrobit zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, si teste\u0159i nejsou v\u017edy jisti, kde by m\u011bli za\u010d\u00edt. Mezi pevn\u00e1 krit\u00e9ria pro vyhodnocen\u00ed toho, co je t\u0159eba up\u0159ednostnit, pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edpov\u011bdi:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Situace s vysokou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed v\u00fdskytu z\u00e1vad  <\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Z\u00e1va\u017enost v\u00fdsledku z\u00e1vad.  <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Navrhovani_vhodnych_negativnich_testovacich_pripadu\"><\/span><strong>2. Navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed vhodn\u00fdch negativn\u00edch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Overovani_vstupu\"><\/span><b>Ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed vstup\u016f:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u00e1vrh spolehliv\u00fdch negativn\u00edch test\u016f vy\u017eaduje pom\u011brn\u011b komplexn\u00ed znalost chov\u00e1n\u00ed, architektury a omezen\u00ed syst\u00e9mu. Testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru vy\u017eaduje pou\u017eit\u00ed pe\u010dliv\u011b zv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch vstup\u016f a dat. N\u00e1hodn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup v\u00e1m sice m\u016f\u017ee pomoci odhalit n\u011bkter\u00e9 chyby, ale ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159esn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a systemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstupem k negativn\u00edmu testov\u00e1n\u00ed je to bled\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rozmanitost_dat\"><\/span><b>Rozmanitost dat:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V z\u00e1vislosti na zvl\u00e1\u0161tnostech va\u0161eho syst\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nutn\u00e9 testovat na pom\u011brn\u011b rozmanit\u00e9m souboru dat. Existuje toti\u017e mnoho r\u016fzn\u00fdch datov\u00fdch form\u00e1t\u016f, jako jsou \u010d\u00edsla, text, data atd., z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee va\u0161e aplikace akceptovat. \u00dakolem je navrhnout takov\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 by zohled\u0148ovaly ka\u017ed\u00fd form\u00e1t a zejm\u00e9na ka\u017edou variantu neplatn\u00fdch dat. Tato situace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro testovac\u00ed t\u00fdmy pom\u011brn\u011b \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Efektivita_a_automatizace_testovani\"><\/span><strong>3. Efektivita a automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Casova_narocnost\"><\/span><b>\u010casov\u00e1 n\u00e1ro\u010dnost:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u00edlem pozitivn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed je ov\u011b\u0159it software na z\u00e1klad\u011b o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f. Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed se naopak mus\u00ed zab\u00fdvat neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi situacemi a zkoumat mo\u017en\u00e9 sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e. P\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed neprob\u00e1dan\u00e9ho \u00fazem\u00ed vy\u017eaduje v\u00edce \u010dasu. Pokud tedy chcete z\u00edskat komplexn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky, kter\u00e9 p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, mus\u00edte b\u00fdt p\u0159ipraveni investovat n\u011bkolik hodin nav\u00edc.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Slozitost_automatizace\"><\/span><b>Slo\u017eitost automatizace:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 na \u010das a zdroje. Proto je to ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pr\u00e1ce pro automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru. Je v\u0161ak t\u0159eba p\u0159ekonat n\u011bkter\u00e9 slo\u017eitosti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad n\u00e1vrh testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 definuj\u00ed o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky pro neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 vstupy, vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a know-how. Nav\u00edc v\u00e1\u0161 st\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed r\u00e1mec pro automatiza\u010dn\u00ed testy nemus\u00ed podporovat neplatn\u00e1 data, kter\u00e1 chcete do aplikace odeslat, co\u017e p\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed vrstvu slo\u017eitosti.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Vyhodnoceni_vysledku\"><\/span><strong>4. Vyhodnocen\u00ed v\u00fdsledk\u016f<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Falesne_pozitivni_vysledky\"><\/span><b>Fale\u0161n\u011b pozitivn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kalibrace testov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e1 zajist\u00ed uspokojivou rovnov\u00e1hu mezi p\u0159esnost\u00ed a komplexnost\u00ed, je pro negativn\u00ed testery zn\u00e1m\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. V n\u011bkter\u00fdch situac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 citliv\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb fale\u0161n\u011b zam\u011b\u0148uje platn\u00e9 vstupy za negativn\u00ed vstupy, co\u017e vede k pl\u00fdtv\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dasem na probl\u00e9my, kter\u00e9 nejsou relevantn\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nejednoznacne_vysledky\"><\/span><b>Nejednozna\u010dn\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud syst\u00e9m obdr\u017e\u00ed neplatn\u00fd vstup, m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt k p\u00e1du, chyb\u011b nebo zamrznut\u00ed. V mnoha p\u0159\u00edpadech se jedn\u00e1 o spolehliv\u00e9 znamen\u00ed chyby. V jin\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech se v\u0161ak jedn\u00e1 o d\u016fkaz neo\u0161et\u0159en\u00e9ho okrajov\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edpadu, kter\u00fd v\u00fdvoj\u00e1\u0159i nezohlednili. Rozli\u0161en\u00ed t\u011bchto jednotliv\u00fdch situac\u00ed je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, ale zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed skute\u010dn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny je \u010dasov\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sprava_dat\"><\/span><b>Spr\u00e1va dat:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed vy\u017eaduje zna\u010dn\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dat. Tyto informace o testov\u00e1n\u00ed mus\u00ed b\u00fdt vytv\u00e1\u0159eny a udr\u017eov\u00e1ny. Ve v\u00fdvojov\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u00edch s kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi \u010dasov\u00fdmi lh\u016ftami se jedn\u00e1 o pr\u00e1ci nav\u00edc, kterou je t\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Organizacni_otazky\"><\/span><strong>5. Organiza\u010dn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nedostatek_odbornych_znalosti_v_oblasti_negativniho_testovani\"><\/span><b>Nedostatek odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed v oblasti negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed je sice obl\u00edben\u00e9, ale mnoho tester\u016f nem\u00e1 dostate\u010dn\u00e9 dovednosti a odborn\u00e9 znalosti, aby mohli tento druh testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt komplexn\u011b. Navrhov\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch negativn\u00edch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f je m\u00e9n\u011b intuitivn\u00ed ne\u017e jejich pozitivn\u00ed ekvivalent. Nav\u00edc implementace automatizace testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt bez spr\u00e1vn\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch znalost\u00ed n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Obchodni_tlak\"><\/span><b>Obchodn\u00ed tlak:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Z\u00fa\u010dastn\u011bn\u00e9 strany, teste\u0159i a management mus\u00ed pochopit, jak z\u00e1sadn\u00ed roli hraje negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159i v\u00fdvoji robustn\u00edch aplikac\u00ed. Nedocen\u011bn\u00ed jeho v\u00fdznamu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k tlaku zam\u011b\u0159it se na pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed na \u00fakor negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee t\u00fdmy, kter\u00e9 cht\u011bj\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edt v\u00fdhod negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u010del\u00ed n\u011bkolika v\u00fdzv\u00e1m. Se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem a spr\u00e1vn\u00fdmi n\u00e1stroji pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017eete tyto probl\u00e9my p\u0159ekonat a vytvo\u0159it software, kter\u00fd p\u0159ekon\u00e1 o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Jak_psat_negativni_testovaci_pripady_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>Jak ps\u00e1t negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56671\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/person-wondering-about-software-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"vyjasn\u011bn\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch nejasnost\u00ed v automatizaci testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"501\" height=\"334\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Psan\u00ed negativn\u00edch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru vy\u017eaduje ur\u010dit\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti a kreativn\u00ed my\u0161len\u00ed. Zde je pr\u016fvodce krok za krokem, kter\u00fd v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee tyto kritick\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady sestavit.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Stanovte_si_sve_cile\"><\/span><strong>#1. Stanovte si sv\u00e9 c\u00edle<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ne\u017e za\u010dnete ps\u00e1t negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru, mus\u00edte si uv\u011bdomit, pro\u010d chcete negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed prov\u00e1d\u011bt. Ne pro v\u0161echny aplikace je negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00ednosn\u00e9.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Uv\u011bdomte si, \u010deho chcete dos\u00e1hnout. C\u00edlem negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed je odhalit chyby a p\u00e1dy, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fsledkem neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f nebo podm\u00ednek interakce s u\u017eivatelem.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Nastinit_mozne_negativni_scenare\"><\/span><strong>#2. Nast\u00ednit mo\u017en\u00e9 negativn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">D\u00e1le je t\u0159eba zohlednit negativn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00e9 mohou nastat p\u0159i interakci u\u017eivatel\u016f s va\u0161\u00edm softwarem. V\u00fdzkum v tomto kroku je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fd. N\u011bkter\u00e9 oblasti, kter\u00e9 byste m\u011bli prozkoumat, jsou:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 po\u017eadavky<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady pou\u017eit\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vlastnosti a funkce aplikace<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prozkoumejte tyto situace a sestavte seznam sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kdy aplikace nemus\u00ed fungovat tak, jak jste zam\u00fd\u0161leli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pot\u00e9 zva\u017ete sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e ov\u011b\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed kritick\u00fdch vstup\u016f. Obvykle se jedn\u00e1 o formul\u00e1\u0159e pro zad\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed dat, p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed pole apod.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V neposledn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b zva\u017ete nespo\u010det netradi\u010dn\u00edch zp\u016fsob\u016f, jak\u00fdmi mohou u\u017eivatel\u00e9 se softwarem pracovat, a neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, kter\u00e9 mohou m\u00edt nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky, jako je odpojen\u00ed od s\u00edt\u011b, n\u00e1hl\u00e9 vypnut\u00ed syst\u00e9mu, masivn\u00ed p\u0159enosy dat atd.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jakmile zdokumentujete co nejv\u00edce sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, je \u010das ur\u010dit o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky t\u011bchto neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Nastinit_ocekavane_vysledky\"><\/span><strong>#3. Nast\u00ednit o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ka\u017ed\u00fd testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad mus\u00ed m\u00edt o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd v\u00fdsledek a negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad se od n\u011bj neli\u0161\u00ed. Nejlep\u0161\u00edm postupem je napsat si ka\u017ed\u00fd negativn\u00ed sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159 a ur\u010dit, jak\u00fd by m\u011bl b\u00fdt v\u00fdsledek.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 z mo\u017en\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f mohou zahrnovat:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159esn\u00e1 a informativn\u00ed chybov\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vhodn\u00e1 p\u0159esm\u011brov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Plynul\u00e9 zach\u00e1zen\u00ed se syst\u00e9mem, nap\u0159\u00edklad prevence zamrznut\u00ed nebo p\u00e1du syst\u00e9mu.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Vyber_vstupu_pro_testovani\"><\/span><strong>#4. V\u00fdb\u011br vstup\u016f pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nyn\u00ed je \u010das zjistit, kter\u00e9 vstupy je t\u0159eba otestovat. Tyto vstupy by m\u011bly b\u00fdt ty, kter\u00e9 s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed chybu nebo jin\u00e9 negativn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 vstupy, kter\u00e9 je t\u0159eba zahrnout, jsou:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hodnoty mimo rozsah (z\u00e1porn\u00e9 hodnoty v poli v\u011bku atd.)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neplatn\u00e9 \u00fadaje (p\u00edsmena v \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9m poli atd.)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 znaky nebo symboly<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed znaky<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed \u00fadaje<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Napiste_sve_testovaci_pripady\"><\/span><strong>#5. Napi\u0161te sv\u00e9 testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jakmile shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u00edte v\u0161echny sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, je \u010das napsat testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017eete napsat t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 neomezen\u00fd po\u010det testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f. P\u0159i tomto typu testov\u00e1n\u00ed se p\u0159ece zji\u0161\u0165uje, co se stane, kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed software zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd jste nezam\u00fd\u0161leli. Term\u00edny v\u0161ak vy\u017eaduj\u00ed, abyste seznam potenci\u00e1ln\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f zkr\u00e1tili na situace, kter\u00e9 s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed zp\u016fsob\u00ed probl\u00e9my.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jako v\u017edy pi\u0161te testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady jasn\u00fdm, stru\u010dn\u00fdm a objektivn\u00edm jazykem. Zde nen\u00ed prostor pro dvojzna\u010dnost.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zde je vhodn\u00fd form\u00e1t pro negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pou\u017eit\u00ed ID testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">P\u0159esn\u011b popi\u0161te, co se testuje<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">V\u0161imn\u011bte si v\u0161ech p\u0159edpoklad\u016f pro negativn\u00ed test<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nast\u00ednit soubor p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00fdch krok\u016f<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Stanoven\u00ed jasn\u00fdch a objektivn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zapi\u0161te si skute\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledek testu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Naplanujte_test\"><\/span><strong>#6. Napl\u00e1nujte test<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nyn\u00ed je t\u0159eba napl\u00e1novat testy. Op\u011bt je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 up\u0159ednostnit sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed nejz\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 d\u016fsledky, nap\u0159\u00edklad hav\u00e1rie, nebo u kter\u00fdch je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee budou odhaleny probl\u00e9my.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklad_negativniho_testovaciho_pripadu\"><\/span><strong>P\u0159\u00edklad negativn\u00edho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zde je p\u0159\u00edklad negativn\u00edho testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>ID testovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edpadu:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> TC001<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Popis:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Ov\u011b\u0159te, zda se zobraz\u00ed chybov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va, pokud u\u017eivatel zad\u00e1 neplatnou e-mailovou adresu.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>P\u0159edpoklady: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">U\u017eivatel mus\u00ed b\u00fdt na p\u0159ihla\u0161ovac\u00ed str\u00e1nce aplikace<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Kroky:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  1. Zadejte neplatnou e-mailovou adresu. 2. Stiskn\u011bte tla\u010d\u00edtko &#8222;Login&#8220;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd v\u00fdsledek: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel stiskne tla\u010d\u00edtko &#8222;P\u0159ihl\u00e1sit&#8220;, zobraz\u00ed se chybov\u00e9 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed &#8222;zad\u00e1na nespr\u00e1vn\u00e1 e-mailov\u00e1 adresa&#8220;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>V\u00fdsledek: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zaznamenejte, co se stalo, kdy\u017e bylo vybr\u00e1no &#8222;P\u0159ihl\u00e1sit&#8220;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Priklady_negativnich_scenaru_pri_testovani_softwaru\"><\/span><strong>P\u0159\u00edklady negativn\u00edch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56711\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-software-testing-processes-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"kontroln\u00ed seznam proces\u016f testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru\" width=\"476\" height=\"317\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zde je n\u011bkolik typick\u00fdch sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159\u016f, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017eete ov\u011b\u0159it pomoc\u00ed metod negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Typy_dat_a_poli\"><\/span><strong>1. Typy dat a pol\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud jste n\u011bkdy vypl\u0148ovali formul\u00e1\u0159 online, v\u00edte, \u017ee tato pole jsou nastavena tak, aby p\u0159ij\u00edmala ur\u010dit\u00e9 typy \u00fadaj\u016f. N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich jsou pouze \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9, jin\u00e9 p\u0159ij\u00edmaj\u00ed data, text nebo jin\u00e9 typy dat.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed t\u011bchto pol\u00ed\u010dek zahrnuje odesl\u00e1n\u00ed neplatn\u00fdch \u00fadaj\u016f, nap\u0159\u00edklad zad\u00e1n\u00ed p\u00edsmen do \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9ho pole.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Povinna_pole\"><\/span><strong>2. Povinn\u00e1 pole<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Povinn\u00e1 pole jsou op\u011bt b\u011b\u017enou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed formul\u00e1\u0159\u016f a aplikac\u00ed. Jsou praktick\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem, kter\u00fd zajist\u00ed, aby byly shrom\u00e1\u017ed\u011bny v\u0161echny d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace, ne\u017e u\u017eivatel p\u0159ejde do dal\u0161\u00ed f\u00e1ze.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vhodn\u00fdm testovac\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpadem pro tyto sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159e je zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed, co se stane, kdy\u017e tato pole z\u016fstanou pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se m\u011bla spustit chybov\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va, kter\u00e1 u\u017eivatele vyzve k vypln\u011bn\u00ed po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho pole.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Vhodny_pocet_znaku\"><\/span><strong>3. Vhodn\u00fd po\u010det znak\u016f  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pokud m\u00e1te testovanou aplikaci webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nek, m\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee datov\u00e9 pole vy\u017eaduje omezen\u00fd po\u010det znak\u016f. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o u\u017eivatelsk\u00e1 jm\u00e9na, telefonn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla, registra\u010dn\u00ed \u010d\u00edsla apod.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pro tato pole m\u016f\u017eete vytvo\u0159it negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady tak, \u017ee nap\u00ed\u0161ete testy, kter\u00e9 zadaj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e maxim\u00e1ln\u00ed povolen\u00fd po\u010det znak\u016f, a zjist\u00edte, jak aplikace zareaguje.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Omezeni_a_limity_dat\"><\/span><strong>4. Omezen\u00ed a limity dat<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">N\u011bkter\u00e9 formul\u00e1\u0159e maj\u00ed pole s pevn\u011b stanoven\u00fdmi limity. Pokud byste nap\u0159\u00edklad cht\u011bli, aby n\u011bkdo n\u011bco ohodnotil 100 body, byly by hranice dat 1-100.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Vytvo\u0159te negativn\u00ed testovac\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpad, ve kter\u00e9m se pokus\u00edte zadat 0, 101 nebo jin\u00e9 z\u00e1porn\u00e9 \u010di kladn\u00e9 hodnoty z 1-100.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Osvedcene_postupy_pro_negativni_testovani\"><\/span><strong>Osv\u011bd\u010den\u00e9 postupy pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-42477\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/remote_generator-1-150x150-1.jpg\" alt=\"rozd\u00edly a podobnosti mezi alfa a beta testov\u00e1n\u00edm.\" width=\"274\" height=\"274\"><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pro zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed kvalitn\u00edho negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed existuje n\u011bkolik osv\u011bd\u010den\u00fdch postup\u016f. Zde je n\u011bkolik tip\u016f, kter\u00e9 v\u00e1m pomohou.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_Definujte_neplatne_vstupy\"><\/span><b>1. Definujte neplatn\u00e9 vstupy:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Projd\u011bte si v\u00fdvojovou dokumentaci, p\u0159\u00edpady pou\u017eit\u00ed a u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed\/u\u017eivatelsk\u00e9 rozhran\u00ed, abyste pochopili a identifikovali potenci\u00e1ln\u00ed neplatn\u00e9 vstupy. D\u00e1vejte pozor na neplatn\u00e9 datov\u00e9 typy, extr\u00e9mn\u00ed hodnoty, chyb\u011bj\u00edc\u00ed data, pr\u00e1zdn\u00e1 pole, neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 form\u00e1ty a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Pouzijte_analyzu_okrajovych_hodnot\"><\/span><b>2. Pou\u017eijte anal\u00fdzu okrajov\u00fdch hodnot:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jak bylo uvedeno v\u00fd\u0161e, na\u010drtn\u011bte si hrani\u010dn\u00ed hodnoty, abyste na\u0161li okrajov\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady, kter\u00e9 mohou zp\u016fsobit neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 reakce.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Rozdeleni_zamestnancu_podle_ekvivalence\"><\/span><b>3. Rozd\u011blen\u00ed zam\u011bstnanc\u016f podle ekvivalence:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><b> <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pod\u00edvejte se na sv\u00e9 vstupn\u00ed dom\u00e9ny a rozd\u011blte je na ekvivalen\u010dn\u00ed odd\u00edly platn\u00fdch a neplatn\u00fdch hodnot. Tento postup pom\u00e1h\u00e1 sn\u00ed\u017eit po\u010det testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f, kter\u00e9 budete muset napsat, proto\u017ee pokud ekvivalentn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st neplatn\u00fdch dat zp\u016fsobuje probl\u00e9my u jednoho vstupu, bude pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zastoupena v cel\u00e9 t\u0159\u00edd\u011b.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Napodobujte_spatne_uzivatele\"><\/span><b>4. Napodobujte \u0161patn\u00e9 u\u017eivatele:<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed ov\u011b\u0159uje o\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f. Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed zkoum\u00e1, co se stane, kdy\u017e lid\u00e9 va\u0161i aplikaci zneu\u017eij\u00ed. Zamyslete se tedy nad r\u016fzn\u00fdmi sc\u00e9n\u00e1\u0159i, kdy k tomu m\u016f\u017ee doj\u00edt, a zopakujte je ve sv\u00fdch testovac\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpadech.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Nechte_se_pri_testovani_ridit_riziky_a_dopady\"><\/span><b>5. Nechte se p\u0159i testov\u00e1n\u00ed \u0159\u00eddit riziky a dopady:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u017d\u00e1dn\u00fd tester nem\u00e1 neomezen\u00fd \u010das. V ur\u010dit\u00e9m okam\u017eiku budete muset u\u010dinit obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 rozhodnut\u00ed, proto\u017ee nem\u016f\u017eete testovat (nebo dokonce zn\u00e1t) v\u0161echny neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u00fdsledky. Kdy\u017e se pot\u0159ebujete rozhodnout, kter\u00e9 typy negativn\u00edch test\u016f prov\u00e9st, up\u0159ednostn\u011bte oblasti, kter\u00e9 p\u0159inesou nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed riziko nebo negativn\u00ed dopad na v\u00e1\u0161 produkt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_Overeni_zpracovani_chyb\"><\/span><b>6. Ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Zajist\u011bte, aby sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed bylo i zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed chyb, a ov\u011b\u0159te, zda jsou chybov\u00e1 hl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 a p\u0159esn\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_Co_nejvice_automatizujte\"><\/span><b>7. Co nejv\u00edce automatizujte:  <\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Automatizace zvl\u00e1d\u00e1 rutinn\u00ed a opakuj\u00edc\u00ed se \u00fakoly. Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ak st\u00e1le vy\u017eaduje manu\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstup pro pr\u016fzkumn\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed a vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed okrajov\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nejlepsi_nastroje_pro_negativni_testovani_v_roce_2024\"><\/span><strong>Nejlep\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v roce 2024<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-49014\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-1024x431.jpg\" alt=\"nejlep\u0161\u00ed bezplatn\u00e9 a podnikov\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje pro testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru + automatizace RPA\" width=\"1024\" height=\"431\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-980x413.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background_hq-480x202.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je sice b\u011b\u017en\u00e9 v cel\u00e9m odv\u011btv\u00ed, ale chyb\u00ed pro n\u011bj odli\u0161n\u00e9 n\u00e1stroje. Velk\u00fdm d\u016fvodem je univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed povaha negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nav\u00edc mnoho stejn\u00fdch n\u00e1stroj\u016f, kter\u00e9 se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed pro pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, funguje i pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed, pokud uprav\u00edte vstupn\u00ed data.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ZAPTEST<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  je <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\">nejlep\u0161\u00edm n\u00e1strojem pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a>, proto\u017ee je v\u0161estrann\u00fd a modul\u00e1rn\u00ed. Snadno se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 a p\u0159izp\u016fsobuje a d\u00edky mo\u017enosti pou\u017eit\u00ed nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d platformami a aplikacemi nab\u00edz\u00ed flexibilitu, kterou lze jen t\u011b\u017eko p\u0159ekonat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Testov\u00e1n\u00ed zalo\u017een\u00e9 na datech a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/videos\/what-is-mutation-testing-in-software-testing\"><br \/>\n  <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">testov\u00e1n\u00ed mutac\u00ed<\/span><br \/>\n<\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  Funkce ZAPTEST jsou ide\u00e1ln\u00ed pro negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed. A co v\u00edc, d\u00edky  <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/kompletni-pruvodce-robotickou-automatizaci-procesu-rpa\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">RPA<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">  m\u016f\u017eete simulovat re\u00e1ln\u00e9 u\u017eivatele, opakovan\u011b pou\u017e\u00edvat testy a snadno vytv\u00e1\u0159et zpr\u00e1vy a dokumentaci. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, schopnost ZAPTESTu provozovat nejmodern\u011bj\u0161\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/rpa\">software pro<\/a> automatizaci softwaru a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/rpa\">robotickou automatizaci proces\u016f<\/a> z n\u011bj \u010din\u00ed komplexn\u00ed \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro jakoukoli automatiza\u010dn\u00ed \u00falohu, v\u010detn\u011b negativn\u00edho testov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Zaverecne_myslenky\"><\/span><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011bre\u010dn\u00e9 my\u0161lenky<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v r\u00e1mci testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru pom\u00e1h\u00e1 t\u00fdm\u016fm pochopit, jak si jejich aplikace porad\u00ed s neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fdmi vstupy a neplatn\u00fdmi daty. Zat\u00edmco pozitivn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed zji\u0161\u0165uje, zda v\u00e1\u0161 software funguje tak, jak m\u00e1, negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee zjistit, co se stane, kdy\u017e u\u017eivatel\u00e9 zvol\u00ed vstupy a data nespr\u00e1vn\u011b. Oba p\u0159\u00edstupy jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, pokud chcete m\u00edt solidn\u00ed a robustn\u00ed aplikaci, kter\u00e1 zvl\u00e1dne z\u00e1t\u011b\u017e a nap\u011bt\u00ed zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 r\u016fznorodou interakc\u00ed u\u017eivatel\u016f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed v testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru je technika, kter\u00e1 ov\u011b\u0159uje, jak aplikace reaguje na neo\u010dek\u00e1van\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed nebo neplatn\u00e1 data. Tento typ testov\u00e1n\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee t\u00fdm\u016fm zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00edc\u00edm kvalitu pomoci zlep\u0161it robustnost a stabilitu softwaru t\u00edm, \u017ee odhal\u00ed v\u00fdjimky, kter\u00e9 zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed zamrznut\u00ed, p\u00e1dy nebo jin\u00e9 ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00ed v\u00fdsledky. V tomto \u010dl\u00e1nku se sezn\u00e1m\u00edme s t\u00edm, co je to negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14624,"featured_media":74642,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed softwaru - typy, proces, n\u00e1stroje a dal\u0161\u00ed!","_seopress_titles_desc":"Dozv\u00edte se v\u0161e o negativn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00ed, od jeho definice, typ\u016f, v\u00fdhod a nev\u00fdhod a\u017e po p\u0159\u00edklady a srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s pozitivn\u00edm testov\u00e1n\u00edm!","_seopress_robots_index":"","_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","content-type":"","footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_integration_method":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_preview_token":"","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[454],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-74641","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-typy-testovani-softwaru-cs"},"acf":{"short_name":"Negativn\u00ed testov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74641","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14624"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=74641"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/74641\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/74642"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=74641"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=74641"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=74641"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}