{"id":57440,"date":"2023-04-15T11:48:40","date_gmt":"2023-04-15T11:48:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9"},"modified":"2023-04-15T11:48:40","modified_gmt":"2023-04-15T11:48:40","slug":"grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9","title":{"rendered":"Grey Box Testing &#8211; \u0392\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03ac \u03b5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bf%ce%b4%ce%b7%ce%b3%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%af%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\">\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >1. \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%8C%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\" >&#8211; \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_Grey_box_Testing\" >\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Grey box Testing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%97_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%B8%CE%AC_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%AF_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B6%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >2. \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_Box\" >\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1\" >1. \u03a0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%9F%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8D%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD\" >2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\" >3. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\" >\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%88%CE%B7\" >&#8211; \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\" >&#8211; \u03a1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE\" >&#8211; \u039c\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_box\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey box;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%91%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\" >2. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9E%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CF%87%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7\" >\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_vs_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_vs_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\" >\u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af vs. \u039b\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af vs. \u039c\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF_White_Box_Testing\" >1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf White Box Testing;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_White_box\" >\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 White box;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_Grey_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_Black_box_Testing\" >\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd Grey box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Black box Testing;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box_vs_White_Box_vs_Black_Box\" >3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box vs. White Box vs. Black Box<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82\" >1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >2. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85\" >3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >4. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >1. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7\" >\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82\" >\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%95%CF%85%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\" >\u0395\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A5%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CF%8C_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82\" >\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8D_%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF\" >\u03a0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_box_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray box &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >1. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%93%CF%81%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE\" >\u0393\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\" >\u0391\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7\" >\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A5%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%88%CE%B3%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82\" >1. \u0388\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8A%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >3. \u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82\" >3. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%80%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\" >4. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\" >5. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#6_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >6. \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#7_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC\" >7. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%92%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_Greybox_Testing\" >\u0392\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 Greybox Testing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC\" >1. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%82\" >2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%98%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AC_%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1\" >3. \u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#7_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_Grey_box_Tests\" >7 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Grey box Tests<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >2. \u039f\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >3. \u0392\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >4. \u039c\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >5. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#6_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >6. \u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#7_%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >7. \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Gray_Box\" >\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Gray Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%9C%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_PASSFAIL\" >1. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 PASS\/FAIL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82\" >2. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\" >3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\" >\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >1. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\" >2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_box_Testing\" >\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey box Testing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >1. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82\" >2. \u039b\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >3. \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\" >\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF\" >&#8211; \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >&#8211; \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >&#8211; \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\" >\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\" >5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_ZAPTEST_%CE%94%CE%A9%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%86%CE%9D_%CE%88%CE%9A%CE%94%CE%9F%CE%A3%CE%97\" >1. ZAPTEST \u0394\u03a9\u03a1\u0395\u0386\u039d \u0388\u039a\u0394\u039f\u03a3\u0397<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_Appium\" >2. Appium<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_Dev_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_Chrome\" >3. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Dev \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Chrome<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_JUnit\" >4. JUnit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_DBUnit\" >5. DBUnit<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\" >5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_EDITION\" >1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE EDITION<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_TestRail\" >2. TestRail<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_Testim\" >3. Testim<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_TestRigor\" >4. TestRigor<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_Kobiton\" >5. Kobiton<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B8%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_Enterprise_%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9_Freemium_Grey_box\" >\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Enterprise \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 Freemium Grey box;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%9B%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%B1\" >\u039b\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82\" >1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%86%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\" >2. \u0386\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-115\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >3. \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-116\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7\" >4. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-117\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-118\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &amp; \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-119\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_box\" >1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey box<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-120\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_5_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box\" >2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-121\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#3_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1_YouTube_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >3. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 YouTube \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-122\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#4_%CE%A0%CF%8E%CF%82_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >4. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-123\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >5. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56671\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/person-wondering-about-software-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"641\" height=\"427\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd QA \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%8C%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%80%ce%b1\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2<\/a> \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 &#8220;\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1&#8221; \u03ae &#8220;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/end-to-end-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%82-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf<\/a>&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43846\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/thumb_01-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"428\" height=\"241\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae QA \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%bc%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%cf%8e%ce%bd-%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b1%cf%82-%ce%b1\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a>, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_Grey_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Grey box Testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-manual-software-testing-1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd\" width=\"422\" height=\"282\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%97_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%B8%CE%AC_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9F%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%AF_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B6%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039f\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd. \u0392\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/challenges-load-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" width=\"533\" height=\"355\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/qa-test-automation\">\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9F%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8D%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 &#8220;\u0397 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bd\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03cd\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"Compatibility Testing - What is it, Types, Process, Characteristics, Tools, &amp; More!\" alt=\"Compatibility Testing - What is it, Types, Process, Characteristics, Tools, &amp; More!\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43015\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/zaptest-webm-1024x512.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"628\" height=\"314\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%88%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0391\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A1%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u039c\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03b3\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"302\" height=\"281\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%91%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0391\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c7\u03ac\u03ba\u03b5\u03c1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CF%85%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%ce%bf%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%cf%89%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc\">\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%8d-ui-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc\">\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%81%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%b3%cf%8e%ce%bd-%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%8d-%ce%bc%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84\">\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9E%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CF%87%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7: <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%93%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_vs_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_vs_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>\u0393\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af vs. \u039b\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af vs. \u039c\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/UAT-testing-comparison-to-regression-testing-and-other-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd UAT \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2\" width=\"416\" height=\"277\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF_White_Box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf White Box Testing;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ae \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%ce%bc%ce%bf%ce%bd%ce%ac%ce%b4%ce%b1%cf%82-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85\">\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%80%ce%b1\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/a> \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_White_box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 White box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd white box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 grey box, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 QA, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_Grey_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_Black_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd Grey box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Black box Testing;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 UI \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box_vs_White_Box_vs_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box vs. White Box vs. Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8&#8217; \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7&#8221;, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6792\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-Unit-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2\" width=\"510\" height=\"340\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 QA \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 PASS\/FAIL \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b9\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ae\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b3%cf%87%ce%bf%cf%82-%cf%80%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%b9%ce%bd%ce%b4%cf%81%cf%8c%ce%bc%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%81\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%80%ce%b1\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/a> \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ad%cf%82-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf\">\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a>, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/ui-testing-automation\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/a> \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c4\u03af\u03b2\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B8%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>4. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03bb\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4293\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/clock.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 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\u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 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src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/computer-vision-for-software-testing-min-scaled-e1657451144405-981x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"550\" height=\"574\"><\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 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id=\"%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0386\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9B%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%B4%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><em><strong>\u039b\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c1\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82\"><\/span><em><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03af\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%95%CF%85%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><em><strong>\u0395\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c6\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A5%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CF%8C_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong><em>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8&#8217; \u03cc\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ce\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B8%CF%81%CF%8E%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><em><strong>\u0391\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03ce\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8D_%CF%87%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF\"><\/span><em><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd 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\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Gray_box_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Gray box &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Automation-load-testing-1024x517.jpeg\" alt=\"\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 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\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae QA, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%93%CF%81%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE\"><\/span><em><strong>\u0393\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\"><\/span><em><strong>\u0391\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><em><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><em><strong>2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%91%CF%81%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%B8%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><em><strong>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A5%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><em><strong>\u03a5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 QA \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bb\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h5><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%80%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><em><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"302\" height=\"281\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03c6\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b5\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29068\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Unit-Testing--1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2;\" width=\"541\" height=\"361\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%88%CE%B3%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0388\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8A%CF%8C%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-manual-software-testing-1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd\" width=\"487\" height=\"325\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03bf\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae\u03c2. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%80%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>4. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0392\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>5. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>6. \u0395\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC\"><\/span><strong>7. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03b1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%92%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_Greybox_Testing\"><\/span><strong>\u0392\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 Greybox Testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4285\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/api2-1024x613.jpg\" alt=\"\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 api\" width=\"578\" height=\"346\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae QA \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 QA \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03af \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CF%8E%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0398\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%98%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AC_%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 QA \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 &#8220;\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03c4\u03ac\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bd\u03b1&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_Grey_box_Tests\"><\/span><strong>7 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Grey box Tests<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4068\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/businessman-with-tablet-looking-machine-modern-factory-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\u0398\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"466\" height=\"311\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 QA.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%83%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9F%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039f\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c8\u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b7, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0392\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 QA \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>4. \u039c\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd, \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>5. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7. \u03a4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>6. \u039a\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B6%CE%AE%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>7. \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Gray_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Gray Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/advantages-of-setting-up-an-testing-center-of-excellence-TCoE-1024x678.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd (TCoE)\" width=\"433\" height=\"287\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9C%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_PASSFAIL\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 PASS\/FAIL<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 PASS\/FAIL \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b9\u03bb\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039c\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-28257\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/No-code-grid-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"Bak end testing, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2\" width=\"509\" height=\"286\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7. \u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af, \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1, \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey box Testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33286\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zaptest-runtime-error-1024x576.png\" alt=\"zaptest-runtime-error.png\" width=\"531\" height=\"299\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%91%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039b\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 GDPR \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4704\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/load-1024x602.jpg\" alt=\"\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" width=\"515\" height=\"303\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae greybox \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 QA \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%AD%CE%BE%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1:<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>\u039f \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"571\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg 571w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 571px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae. \u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_%CE%94%CE%A9%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%86%CE%9D_%CE%88%CE%9A%CE%94%CE%9F%CE%A3%CE%97\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST \u0394\u03a9\u03a1\u0395\u0386\u039d \u0388\u039a\u0394\u039f\u03a3\u0397<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43778\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/thumbnail_01-1024x472.jpg\" alt=\"\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"609\" height=\"281\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 ZAPTEST \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/hyperautomation\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a>, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 Enterprise \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b7 ZAPTEST \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bf%ce%b4%ce%b7%ce%b3%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%af%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7-2\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 RPA<\/a>, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Appium\"><\/span>2. Appium<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf Appium, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/mobile-apps-test-automation\">\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1<\/a>, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac. \u03a3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%95%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_Dev_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_Chrome\"><\/span>3. \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Dev \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Chrome<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf Google Chrome \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/web-apps-test-automation\">\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_JUnit\"><\/span>4. JUnit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf JUnit \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 Java, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd API \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c9\u03b8\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b5\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_DBUnit\"><\/span>5. DBUnit<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf DBUnit \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_Box_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey Box \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_EDITION\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE EDITION<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-48970\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-1024x408.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"562\" height=\"224\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-980x390.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-480x191.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 Enterprise \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\"> ZAPTEST<\/a> \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd ZAP Expert. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 ZAP \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 ZAPTEST Enterprise \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%b7-%cf%8c%cf%81%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%85%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%cf%84%cf%8e%ce%bd-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%ce%bf-%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%bd-%cf%84%ce%bf\">\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 Computer Vision<\/a>, 1SCRIPT, cross-platform, cross-device, cross-browser execution \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 RPA, \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_TestRail\"><\/span>2. TestRail<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf TestRail \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Testim\"><\/span>3. Testim<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_TestRigor\"><\/span>4. TestRigor<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf TestRigor \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ba\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Kobiton\"><\/span>5. Kobiton<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf Kobiton \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Kobiton \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Kobiton \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B8%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_Enterprise_%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9_Freemium_Grey_box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Enterprise \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 Freemium Grey box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"188\" height=\"174\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7. \u0399\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd freemium \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03cc\u03b3\u03ba\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9B%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Software-testing-checklist-1024x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"503\" height=\"335\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4.<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%cf%87%ce%b5%ce%af%cf%81%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%b5%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%cf%89%ce%bd-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae%cf%82-tdm-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf\">\u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/a>, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%86%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0386\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc, \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c7\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>4. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf &#8220;\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af&#8221;, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &amp; \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3646\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/checklist.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Grey_box\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Grey box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/tutorial\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/webinars\">\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5:<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u038a\u03b4\u03c1\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u039b\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2&#8221; &#8211; \u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0395\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 6 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;- Futuretrend Technologies Ltd<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u039c\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;- Royal Course<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black-box and White-box Testing&#8221;- Coursera<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd &#8211; \u03a3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 Black-Box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 White-Box Testing&#8221;- NPTEL<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_5_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%87%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Grey Box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03c1\u03ae\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0393\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd white box, grey box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 black box<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1_YouTube_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>3. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 YouTube \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Gray Box Testing; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd; \u039c\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9&#8221;- Software Testing Hacks<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Gray box testing | \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd |&#8221; &#8211; Education 4u<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black Box, White Box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Grey Box Testing&#8221;- Miracle Education<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 | \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 + \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;- Madeline Elaine<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Grey Box Testing; (\u0395\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd #54)&#8221; &#8211; QA Fox<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%A0%CF%8E%CF%82_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>4. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03af \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac. \u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>5. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03c1\u03b8\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ae\u03bd\u03c5\u03bc\u03b1&#8221; &#8211; TanLi M. et al.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd White Box, Black Box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Grey Box&#8221; &#8211; Ehmer, M., Khan, F.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Grey-box FSM-based Testing Strategies&#8221;- Petrenko, A.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;- Saleh, K.A.<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03b8\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03b4\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd 2012&#8221;- Kokula Krishna Hari K.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 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