{"id":57584,"date":"2023-04-19T15:36:17","date_gmt":"2023-04-19T15:36:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3"},"modified":"2023-04-19T19:58:25","modified_gmt":"2023-04-19T19:58:25","slug":"black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3","title":{"rendered":"Black Box Testing &#8211; \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9, \u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u0395\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%bc%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%cf%8e%ce%bd-%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%b1%cf%82-%ce%b1\">\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #b90000;color:#b90000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >1. \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%8C%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\" >&#8211; \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85\" >&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\" >1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7\" >2. \u0391\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%94%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >1. \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%97_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%B4%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7\" >2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%85%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B7\" >1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\" >2. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF\" >3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1\" >1. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7\" >2. \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B7\" >3. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%9E%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CF%87%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7\" >\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7:<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_box_vs_White_box_vs_Greybox\" >\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black box vs White box vs Greybox<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF_White_Box_Testing\" >1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf White Box Testing;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_white_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_black_box_Testing\" >\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd white box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 black box Testing;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >2. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_Black_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_Grey_box_Testing\" >\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd Black box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Grey box Testing;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box_vs_White_Box_vs_Grey_Box\" >3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box vs. White Box vs. Grey Box<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE\" >1. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\" >2. \u039c\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC_%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%B7\" >1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >2. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%E2%80%9C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%E2%80%9D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >1. \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_Black_box_Test_Automation_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >2. Black box Test Automation &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\" >\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box;<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%91%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >1. \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C\" >2. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >3. \u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A3%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%84%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\" >2. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%84%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\" >3. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#4_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC\" >4. \u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%92%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\" >\u0392\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%88%CE%BC%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%80%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\" >1. \u0388\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >2. \u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >3. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#7_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >7 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%88%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%88%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u0388\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >2. \u0392\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >3. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#4_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%85%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >4. \u039c\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >5. \u039c\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#6_%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\" >6. \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc \u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b3\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-66\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#7_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AE_%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82\" >7. \u0391\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-67\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\" >\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-68\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\" >1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-69\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\" >2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-70\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%9C%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >3. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-71\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_box\" >\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-72\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >1. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-73\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF\" >2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-74\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >3. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-75\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89_Black_box_Testing\" >\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 Black box Testing<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-76\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\" >1. \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-77\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\" >2. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-78\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%82\" >3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-79\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-80\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\" >1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-81\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\" >2. \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-82\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%99%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD\" >3. \u0399\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-83\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-84\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\" >5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-85\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_ZAPTEST_%CE%94%CE%A9%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%86%CE%9D_%CE%88%CE%9A%CE%94%CE%9F%CE%A3%CE%97\" >1. ZAPTEST \u0394\u03a9\u03a1\u0395\u0386\u039d \u0388\u039a\u0394\u039f\u03a3\u0397<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-86\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_JIRA\" >2. JIRA<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-87\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_Selenium_IDE\" >3. Selenium IDE<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-88\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#4_AutoHotkey\" >4. AutoHotkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-89\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_Appium\" >5. Appium<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-90\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\" >5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-91\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_EDITION\" >1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE EDITION<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-92\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_TestRail\" >2. TestRail<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-93\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_Opkey\" >3. Opkey<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-94\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#4_Perfecto\" >4. Perfecto<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-95\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_JIRA_Enterprise\" >5. JIRA Enterprise<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-96\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5\" >\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-97\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#Enterprise_vs_Freemium_Black_Box_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >Enterprise vs. Freemium Black Box \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-98\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%9B%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >\u039b\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-99\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-100\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B8%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-101\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD\" >&#8211; \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-102\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%88%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\" >&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-103\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-104\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-105\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82\" >&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-106\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%93%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1\" >&#8211; \u0393\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-107\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7\" >&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-108\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-109\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9\" >\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &amp; \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-110\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_box\" >1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black box<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-111\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_5_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF_Black_box_Testing\" >2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf Black box Testing;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-112\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#3_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_Youtube_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_Black_Box_Testing\" >3. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Youtube \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 Black Box Testing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-113\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#4_%CE%A0%CF%8E%CF%82_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\" >4. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-114\" href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/black-box-testing-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%83%ce%af%ce%b1-%cf%80%cf%81%ce%bf%cf%83%ce%b5%ce%b3\/#5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\" >5. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56614\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-uat-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 uat, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\" width=\"560\" height=\"373\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ad%cf%82-uat-%ce%bc%ce%b9%ce%b1-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%ba%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%ac%ce%b4%cf%85%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%ad%ce%bd%ce%bd%ce%bf\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2<\/a>, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd-\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae beta \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u0398\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%8C%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-29533 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ae \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03c5\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bd\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03cd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c6\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bf%ce%b4%ce%b7%ce%b3%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%af%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 QA, \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/qa-test-automation\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd QA<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 QA. \u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03b6\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%B8%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_QA\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 QA<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1. \u0395\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bd\u03ad\u03c9\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29971 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ROI-icon-01-small.jpg\" alt=\"\u03a5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 ROI\" width=\"318\" height=\"318\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ROI-icon-01-small.jpg 480w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ROI-icon-01-small-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/ROI-icon-01-small-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 318px) 100vw, 318px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0394\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0391\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b1\u03b6\u03af \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; &#8211; \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03be\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%BF_%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd Early Access, \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29407\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/challenges-load-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" width=\"455\" height=\"303\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%94%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0394\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%97_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BF_%CE%B4%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/rpa\">\u03c1\u03bf\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/a> \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CF%85%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%85%CF%88%CE%B7%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2. \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 &#8220;\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1&#8221;, \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 builds \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3646\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/checklist.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BF\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03bf<a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%ce%bb%ce%bf%ce%b3%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%bc%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%bf%cf%8d-ui-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc\"> UI<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56614\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/checklist-uat-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 uat, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\" width=\"428\" height=\"285\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bb\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ae-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9-%cf%80%ce%b1\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0394\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b9\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf branding \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/ui-testing-automation\">UI<\/a> \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%91%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b3%cf%87%ce%bf%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%80%ce%b9%ce%b4%cf%8c%cf%83%ce%b5%cf%89%ce%bd-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2\">\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7<\/a> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf, \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bd\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9E%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%8D%CE%B3%CF%87%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7: <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_box_vs_White_box_vs_Greybox\"><\/span><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black box vs White box vs Greybox<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/UAT-testing-comparison-to-regression-testing-and-other-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd UAT \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2\" width=\"500\" height=\"333\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c9\u03b4\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 &#8220;\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%84%CE%BF_White_Box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf White Box Testing;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c9\u03c2 &#8220;\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03c5\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ad\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7. \u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_white_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_black_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong><em>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd white box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 black box Testing;<\/em><\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/grey-box-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%b9\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BE%CF%8D_Black_box_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_Grey_box_Testing\"><\/span><em><strong>\u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd Black box \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 Grey box Testing;<\/strong><\/em><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 &#8220;\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03ad\u03c6\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box_vs_White_Box_vs_Grey_Box\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box vs. White Box vs. Grey Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5, \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03b1\u03af\u03bf \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-43334\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/devices-512x306-1.jpg\" alt=\"\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"500\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/devices-512x306-1.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/devices-512x306-1-480x287.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 500px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf, \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf cloud \u03ae \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 Single Sign On.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039c\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%bc%ce%b7-%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b9%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%81%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%ba%ce%ad%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ad%cf%82-%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf\">\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae<\/a> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c1\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03cc \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 (\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03c5\u03c1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1).<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c9\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%84%ce%b9-%ce%b5%ce%af%ce%bd%ce%b1%ce%b9-%ce%bf-%ce%ad%ce%bb%ce%b5%ce%b3%cf%87%ce%bf%cf%82-%cf%80%ce%b1%ce%bb%ce%b9%ce%bd%ce%b4%cf%81%cf%8c%ce%bc%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%b5%cf%86%ce%b1%cf%81\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-43297\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/zaptest-webm-small.gif\" alt=\"\u039a\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 UAT\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\"><\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC_%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03ad\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ad\u03b3\u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03c6\u03b1\u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bb\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03b6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03ad\u03c4\u03b1\u03b6\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1\u0391 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 10\u0396. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/hyperautomation\">\u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7<\/a>. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BB%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0391\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf 1 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf 100 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 0 \u03ae \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc 100.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd&#8221; \u03ae &#8220;\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf. \u0397 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03cc\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%94%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%E2%80%9C%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D%E2%80%9D_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%B6%CF%89%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-4293\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/clock.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b6\u03c9\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 beta, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03be\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29164\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/computer-vision-for-software-testing-min-scaled-e1657451144405-981x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03cc\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"587\" height=\"612\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae \u03bd\u03bf\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03b4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba \u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_Black_box_Test_Automation_%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%86%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>2. Black box Test Automation &#8211; \u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7, \u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bf%ce%b4%ce%b7%ce%b3%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%af%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2<\/a> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03ad\u03c1\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03be\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%A7%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1: \u03a7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"152\" height=\"141\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03ac\u03bd \u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CE%B9_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%BE%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6792\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-Unit-testing-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2\" width=\"512\" height=\"342\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%91%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0391\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c7\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%84%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF_%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03bb\u03c9\u03c4\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03b3\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03c5\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03af \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/end-to-end-testing-%ce%b2%ce%b1%ce%b8%ce%b9%ce%ac-%ce%b5%ce%bc%ce%b2%ce%ac%ce%b8%cf%85%ce%bd%cf%83%ce%b7-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%82-%cf%84%cf%8d%cf%80%ce%bf%cf%85%cf%82-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9\">\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf<\/a>, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 QA \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c1\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-6791\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/What-is-manual-software-testing-1024x684.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd\" width=\"461\" height=\"308\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1. \u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A3%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03ae\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%B3%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%AE_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%84%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b2\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03c4\u03b5 \u03be\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%95%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%80%CF%84%CF%8E%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03cc\u03bb\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2. \u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03cd\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c1\u03cd\u03b8\u03bc\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%ce%b4%ce%b9%ce%b1%cf%87%ce%b5%ce%af%cf%81%ce%b9%cf%83%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%b5%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%ad%ce%bd%cf%89%ce%bd-%ce%b4%ce%bf%ce%ba%ce%b9%ce%bc%ce%ae%cf%82-tdm-%cf%83%cf%84%ce%b7-%ce%b4%ce%bf\">\u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%A4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC\"><\/span><strong>4. \u03a4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039e\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c7\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%92%CE%AD%CE%BB%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u0392\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4159\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/team-stockbrokers-are-having-conversation-dark-office-with-display-screens-analyzing-data-graphs-reports-investment-purposes-creative-teamwork-traders-1024x684.jpg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c0\u03b5\u03b6\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\" width=\"466\" height=\"311\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b2\u03ad\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%88%CE%BC%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%80%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0388\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c5\u03b8\u03cd\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac, \u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c6\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/?page_id=49652\">\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/a>. \u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b6\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c4\u03ae\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%86%CF%8C%CF%81%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0399\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03ba\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b2\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03b3\u03b5\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b9\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0394\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03c3\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bc\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03af, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0&#8217; \u03cc,\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c4\u03c3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B8%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%86%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>7 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-56575\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/UAT-testing-comparison-to-regression-testing-and-other-1024x683.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03a3\u03cd\u03b3\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd UAT \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2\" width=\"410\" height=\"273\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c6\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03bb\u03ac\u03b4\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bb\u03b9\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03af\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ad\u03c6\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%88%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%88%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0388\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0397 \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03b3\u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c6\u03c9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03be\u03b5\u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b2\u03bf\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0392\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae. \u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03bb\u03ac\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ae \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AE%CE%B8%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/%cf%80%ce%bb%ce%ae%cf%81%ce%b7%cf%82-%ce%bf%ce%b4%ce%b7%ce%b3%cf%8c%cf%82-%ce%b3%ce%b9%ce%b1-%cf%84%ce%b7%ce%bd-%ce%b1%cf%85%cf%84%ce%bf%ce%bc%ce%b1%cf%84%ce%bf%cf%80%ce%bf%ce%af%ce%b7%cf%83%ce%b7-2\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2<\/a> \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c0\u03c1\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03cd\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03ad\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03ae \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%85%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>4. \u039c\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03af, \u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u039c\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03af\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03b2\u03c1\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b9\u03c3\u03bf\u03c1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9C%CE%B7_%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%81%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>5. \u039c\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2. \u0397 \u03bc\u03b7 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6_%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CF%8C_%CE%BA%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%B3%CE%B9_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>6. \u0395\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03cc \u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b3\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7. \u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c3\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03be\u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03be\u03b5\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03af\u03bf \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b3\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ac\u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8E%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AE_%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>7. \u0391\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c3\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u03a3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03c9\u03c6\u03b5\u03bb\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CE%B5%CE%BE%CF%8C%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/advantages-of-setting-up-an-testing-center-of-excellence-TCoE-1024x678.jpeg\" alt=\"\u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd (TCoE)\" width=\"443\" height=\"293\"><\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1. \u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ad\u03c1\u03c9 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03c5\u03c0\u03b1 \u03bf\u03b8\u03cc\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03cc\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae \u03be\u03b5\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03b5\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%9C%CE%B7%CE%BD%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u039c\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03af\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ae\u03b8\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c8\u03b7\u03c6\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1, \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ad\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03af\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03c9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03bb\u03c5\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_box\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4076\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/creative-startup-front-end-designers-team-concentrating-computer-screen-designing-coding-programing-mobile-application-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;\" width=\"552\" height=\"368\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b7 \u03b8\u03b5\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ae, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac. \u0392\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>1. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03c5\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03b2\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2. \u0397 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03b9\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03c7\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b7-\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b7\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ae\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1. \u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf \u03c6\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u039b\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c0\u03ad\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc-\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2. \u03a9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03ba\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF_%CF%83%CE%B5_%CE%AC%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%BF\"><\/span><strong>2. \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/setting-up-a-testing-center-of-excellence-tcoe-the-ins-and-outs-of-building-an-agile-organization_tcoehttps:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/end-to-end-testing-deep-dive-into-e2e-test-types-process-approaches-tools-more\">\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf<\/a> \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ce\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7, \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ae\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf QA \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf, \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd. \u039c\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03bd\u03b4\u03c1\u03cc\u03bc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b2\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039c\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c6\u03b5\u03cd\u03b3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03ac\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ae \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A4%CF%8D%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%8D%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89_Black_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>\u03a4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 Black box Testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-33286\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/zaptest-runtime-error-1024x576.png\" alt=\"zaptest-runtime-error.png\" width=\"547\" height=\"308\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A3%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%85%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ae \u03b2\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf \u03bf \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bf \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AC_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>2. \u039b\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03bd\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>\u0393\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b1, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b9\u03c3\u03c7\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c6\u03ae\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03b7\u03bc\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BD%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>3. \u03a3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03c1\u03c1\u03ad\u03b5\u03b9, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03b5\u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ce\u03b4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b2\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af. \u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf\u03bb\u03cc\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7 \u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03cd\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03bb\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03ba\u03ae\u03bd\u03b9\u03bf, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03b4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03bf.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u039a\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4704\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/load-1024x602.jpg\" alt=\"\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03c4\u03af\u03bf\u03c5\" width=\"590\" height=\"347\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5. \u0397 \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03af\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8C_%CF%83%CF%86%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>1. \u03a0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac \u03ce\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c9\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c5\u03ba\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03bb\u03b9\u03b3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A7%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u038c\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9. \u0391\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7, \u03b5\u03bd\u03ce \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae. \u039f\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b7\u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03af\u03b1, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03ac\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%99%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%AF%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>3. \u0399\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b2\u03ae\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af 1000 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bc\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03c4\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03ba\u03cd\u03ba\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc \u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c7\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bd\u03cd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>\u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" alt=\"best monkey testing tools\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-large wp-image-48970\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-1024x408.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"408\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-980x390.jpg 980w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/newsletter_background-480x191.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) and (max-width: 980px) 980px, (min-width: 981px) 1024px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c1\u03c6\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03cd\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03be\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03c5\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c8\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c1\u03bf\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c7\u03b1\u03bc\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03cb\u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_%CE%94%CE%A9%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%86%CE%9D_%CE%88%CE%9A%CE%94%CE%9F%CE%A3%CE%97\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST \u0394\u03a9\u03a1\u0395\u0386\u039d \u0388\u039a\u0394\u039f\u03a3\u0397<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-43778\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/thumbnail_01-1024x472.jpg\" alt=\"\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"536\" height=\"247\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\">ZAPTEST<\/a> \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 ZAPTEST \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03b8\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2&#8230; 1SCRIPT \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae cross browser, cross device, cross application \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b7\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_JIRA\"><\/span>2. JIRA<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 JIRA \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03ae \u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ae\u03ba\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c0\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03b7\u03c3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03ae\u03b8\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 &#8220;\u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1&#8221;, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Selenium_IDE\"><\/span>3. Selenium IDE<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03c7\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03c4\u03c9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Selenium \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd, \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c3\u03c9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_AutoHotkey\"><\/span>4. AutoHotkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf AutoHotkey \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bb\u03ce\u03c3\u03c3\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/windows-apps-test-automation\">\u03c4\u03b1 Windows<\/a>, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b5\u03b8\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03ba\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5.<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd, \u03c4\u03bf AutoHotkey \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_Appium\"><\/span>5. Appium<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf, \u03c4\u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/ios-apps-test-automation\">\u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd iOS<\/a>, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/mobile-apps-test-automation\">\u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd<\/a> \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/mobile-apps-test-automation\">\u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03ad\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Appium \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03c1\u03cc \u03b5\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b7 \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_Box_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>5 \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black Box \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c9\u03c1\u03b1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2. \u0395\u03c5\u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2, \u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b8\u03c5\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_ZAPTEST_ENTERPRISE_EDITION\"><\/span><strong>1. ZAPTEST ENTERPRISE EDITION<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" alt=\"Agile DevOps Test Automation: Explaining the ZAPTEST mockup-based automation approach\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4273\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"491\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image.jpg 491w, https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/1script-general-video-preview-image-480x270.jpg 480w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 0px) and (max-width: 480px) 480px, (min-width: 481px) 491px, 100vw\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 Enterprise \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 ZAPTEST \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 10\u03c0\u03bb\u03ac\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03ad\u03bd\u03b4\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1 ZAP Expert \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03c3\u03c7\u03cc\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03c5\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ac\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd black box \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03c1\u03cc \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b3\u03c1\u03ae\u03b3\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_TestRail\"><\/span>2. TestRail<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf TestRail \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c7\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b4\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd. \u0395\u03bd\u03ce \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bc\u03c6\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_Opkey\"><\/span>3. Opkey<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 Opkey \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ce\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03c9\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0388\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c4\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Opkey \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c8\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03cd\u03c1\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc, \u03b7 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c6\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b8\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03ad\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c3\u03ac\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_Perfecto\"><\/span>4. Perfecto<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf Perfecto \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b9\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c2 \u03c3\u03bf\u03b2\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ce\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd \u03c6\u03ac\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ac\u03ba\u03c1\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf, \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b5\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b7\u03c7\u03b1\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b3\u03b5\u03b3\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b3\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf \u03ba\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ae\u03b4\u03b7 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03cc \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_JIRA_Enterprise\"><\/span>5. JIRA Enterprise<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0395\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03b4\u03ce \u03ad\u03c1\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf JIRA. \u03a4\u03bf Enterprise JIRA \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03c6\u03cc\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03c9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03b9\u03c4\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03b7\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A0%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%87%CF%81%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%AF%CF%84%CE%B5\"><\/span><strong>\u03a0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5  <\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Enterprise_vs_Freemium_Black_Box_%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>Enterprise vs. Freemium Black Box \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29533\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Benefits-of-od-setting-up-a-Testing-Center-of-Excellence-scaled-e1657654391877-1024x951.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039f\u03c6\u03ad\u03bb\u03b7 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03c2 \u039a\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u0391\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae;\" width=\"189\" height=\"175\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c1\u03c7\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 freemium black box. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bf\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03b7, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bc\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03cd\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03b5\u03af \u03c0\u03bb\u03ae\u03c1\u03c9\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c7\u03b5\u03af\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ad\u03c1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 freemium \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03ac \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5. \u0395\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03cc\u03bd\u03bf \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf \u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03b8\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ae \u03ad\u03ba\u03b4\u03bf\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%9B%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%B3%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BB%CF%80%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>\u039b\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-29236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Software-testing-checklist-1024x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\" width=\"509\" height=\"339\"><\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03ad\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03ce\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03ba\u03ad\u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03ad\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039f\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd \u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c7\u03ad\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b7 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03ae \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03b2\u03b1\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%B8%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%80%CF%84%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03cc\u03c1\u03b8\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd. \u038c\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bb\u03ad\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03af\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03b9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c5\u03bb\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03c5\u03c7\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%9F%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%80%CE%B5%CE%B9_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u039f\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03bc\u03b7-\u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03c1\u03ac. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd, \u03bf \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03c2 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03ba\u03b5\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03b3\u03bc\u03ae. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03b3\u03c7\u03c5\u03c3\u03b7, \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03b9\u03b8\u03b1\u03bd\u03ae \u03b5\u03be\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03c5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03c9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03bb\u03b7\u03c8\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03b7\u03ba\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%88%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%89%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c1\u03ac\u03c8\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03c3\u03c9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03b4\u03ae\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ac\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae. \u03a0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1, \u03bf\u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b7 \u03ac\u03bc\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03ae\u03c8\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03be\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03b2\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B5_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0395\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03c5\u03b6\u03b7\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03c7\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03bf\u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03b3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2, \u03ce\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bd\u03ad\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c6\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bc\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03b9\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BD_%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7 \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ad\u03ba\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2, \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1. \u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03b5\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c7\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03ad\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%AD%CF%82_%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%82\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b7 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ac \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2. \u0391\u03bd \u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af \u03bb\u03af\u03b3\u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf, \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03c5\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03bc\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03cd\u03be\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b2\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bf \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b7\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%93%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0393\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2, \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b2\u03c1\u03af\u03c3\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03af\u03b4\u03b9\u03bf \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03be\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03bb\u03cc\u03b3\u03bf \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc. \u039a\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03bb\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b7 \u03b9\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1\u03c1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03b2\u03b1\u03b9\u03c9\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03bf\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03be\u03af\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%E2%80%93_%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AE_%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BA%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AF%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B7\"><\/span><strong>&#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c0\u03ae \u03c4\u03b5\u03ba\u03bc\u03b7\u03c1\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03c1\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03af\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03c6\u03b1 \u03cc\u03bb\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03c9\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2. \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03b5\u03cd\u03b8\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b7 \u03bf\u03bc\u03ac\u03b4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd, \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03bb\u03b9\u03ac \u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b5\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03ba\u03b4\u03cc\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AD%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03bc\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-42444\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/cropped-zt-icon-150x150-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"112\" height=\"112\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd. \u0392\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c5\u03c8\u03b7\u03bb\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03af \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bb\u03bb\u03b1\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03bf\u03c0\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03bf\u03bd\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u03c0\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae \u03b3\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bb\u03b7\u03c0\u03c4\u03ae \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03cc\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03c9\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03c4\u03b7.<\/p>\n<p>\u039a\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03b8\u03ad\u03c4\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03c4\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, \u03c7\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2. \u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03be\u03c5\u03c0\u03bd\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03bb\u03ac\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%CE%A3%CF%85%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B9\"><\/span><strong>\u03a3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 &amp; \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03b9<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img alt=\"\" alt=\"\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-3646\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/checklist.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"64\" height=\"64\"><\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf \u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03b1 \u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd\u03cc\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5. \u0394\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac\u03c4\u03c9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03ba\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03c3\u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bd\u03b7\u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03bf\u03b4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03af\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD_%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8E%CE%BD_Black_box\"><\/span><strong>1. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd Black box<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b4\u03b9\u03ac\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b1 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/tutorial\">\u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/a> \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b1 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ac \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b8\u03c1\u03ce\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c4\u03cd\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03c0\u03b5\u03b4\u03bf \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03b3\u03bd\u03c9\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black-box and White-box Testing&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Coursera<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0397 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac Black-Box Software Testing&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd BBST<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd Black Box&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Udemy<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03bf\u03cd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf London School of Emerging Technology<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Udemy<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9_%CE%BF%CE%B9_5_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%85%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%89%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF_Black_box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>2. \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c1\u03c5\u03c6\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf Black box Testing;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b9\u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03bd\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03af \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03c8\u03ae\u03c6\u03b9\u03bf\u03b9 \u03c5\u03c0\u03bf\u03b2\u03ac\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03af\u03c4\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03ba\u03b5\u03bd\u03ae \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7. \u0395\u03ac\u03bd \u03b5\u03be\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03b1\u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03c9\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b8\u03b1 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bb\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b5\u03c4\u03bf\u03b9\u03bc\u03ac\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03ad\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03be\u03b7:<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c3\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03ba\u03cd\u03c1\u03b9\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 &#8220;\u03bb\u03b5\u03c5\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u0388\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bc\u03c0\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03af\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b7\u03b3\u03bf\u03cd\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u039c\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03c9\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03cc \u03c7\u03ce\u03c1\u03bf \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03be\u03b5\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03ac\u03c3\u03b1\u03c4\u03b5;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; \u03a0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03cd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf \u03bc\u03ad\u03bb\u03bb\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c3\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03bf\u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03b8\u03b5\u03c3\u03bc\u03b7 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF_Youtube_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_Black_Box_Testing\"><\/span><strong>3. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf Youtube \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 Black Box Testing<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a4\u03bf YouTube \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b7\u03bc\u03b1\u03bd\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03cc\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03b8\u03ad\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03c3\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b5\u03be\u03b9\u03cc\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c0\u03b7\u03b3\u03ae \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b9\u03ce\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03cd\u03be\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03bc\u03b9\u03bd\u03ac\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c5\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b1\u03bd \u03bc\u03b1\u03b8\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03be\u03ae\u03c2:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black and White Box Testing Introduction &#8211; Georgia Tech &#8211; \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03bd\u03ac\u03c0\u03c4\u03c5\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf Udacity<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black Box and Glass Box Testing&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf MIT OpenCourseWare<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;7 Black Box Testing Techniques That Every QA Should Know&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd The Testing Academy<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Black Box Testing | \u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf Black Box Testing | \u039c\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 Black Box Testing&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd Intellipaat<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u03a4\u03b9 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf White vs. Grey vs. Black Box Testing;&#8221; \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf ITProTV<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4_%CE%A0%CF%8E%CF%82_%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B5_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_Black_Box\"><\/span><strong>4. \u03a0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 Black Box;<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0397 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03ae\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd &#8220;\u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd&#8221;, \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03c1\u03cc\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03af\u03bd\u03b7\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2, \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b8\u03ad\u03bc\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03bf\u03c7\u03ae\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c7\u03c9\u03c1\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03b4\u03af\u03c9\u03be\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03bf\u03b3\u03ae\u03c2 \u03b4\u03b9\u03bf\u03c1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03c9\u03bd \u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b2\u03bb\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0391\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b4\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03c6\u03ac\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03cc\u03bb\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u03cc\u03c0\u03c9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5 \u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03ac \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03cc\u03c4\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b1 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b5\u03ba\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03cc\u03bb\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03ae\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1. \u039a\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03bf \u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03c4\u03bf \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03cc\u03bd \u03c3\u03c5\u03c7\u03bd\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1, \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03b5\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03c0\u03c4\u03ce\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03c9\u03bd \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2, \u03ba\u03b1\u03b8\u03ce\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b7\u03c1\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b7 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ae \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c1\u03ad\u03c6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b1\u03ba\u03c1\u03b9\u03b2\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c5\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03bf\u03c4\u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5_%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BB%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B1_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%8D\"><\/span><strong>5. \u039a\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u03a0\u03b1\u03c1\u03cc\u03bb\u03bf \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf \u03c3\u03cd\u03bd\u03bf\u03bb\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b5\u03c7\u03ce\u03c2 \u03b5\u03be\u03b5\u03bb\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03bc\u03b5\u03bd\u03bf\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2, \u03c5\u03c0\u03ac\u03c1\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b1\u03c1\u03ba\u03b5\u03c4\u03ac \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03b5\u03c0\u03af\u03ba\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c6\u03ad\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bb\u03b7\u03c1\u03bf\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b7 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03af\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03b7\u03c2 \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03b1\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1 \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ce\u03bd.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u039c\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03cd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b9\u03b2\u03bb\u03af\u03b1 \u03c3\u03c7\u03b5\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ac \u03bc\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03bb\u03b1\u03bc\u03b2\u03ac\u03bd\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd: Beizer&#8221; \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Boris Beizer<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0394\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd: Gopalaswamy Ramesh&#8221; \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Srinivasan Desikan, Gopalaswamy Ramesh<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;Essentials of Software Testing&#8221; \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Ralf Bierig, Stephen Brown, Edgar Galv\u00e1n<\/p>\n<p>&#8211; &#8220;\u0395\u03b9\u03c3\u03b1\u03b3\u03c9\u03b3\u03ae \u03c3\u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03b4\u03bf\u03ba\u03b9\u03bc\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd&#8221; \u03c4\u03c9\u03bd Paul Ammann, Jeff Offutt<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u039f \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03b9\u03ba\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03ad\u03bd\u03b1\u03c2 \u03b1\u03c0\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd\u03c0\u03bb\u03bf\u03ba\u03bf\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03cc\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03ad\u03b1\u03c2, \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b1\u03bd\u03b5\u03be\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b7\u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ad\u03c2 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03c3\u03c0\u03b1\u03b8\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bd\u03b1 \u03b2\u03b5\u03bb\u03c4\u03b9\u03ce\u03c3\u03bf\u03c5\u03bd \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ca\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03ac \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5. \u039c\u03b9\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03b9\u03bf \u03c3\u03c5\u03bd\u03b7\u03b8\u03b9\u03c3\u03bc\u03ad\u03bd\u03b5\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b5\u03b8\u03cc\u03b4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03c7\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03bc\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd\u03bd \u03bf\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03bf \u03ad\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c2 \u03bc\u03b1\u03cd\u03c1\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03bf\u03c5\u03c4\u03b9\u03bf\u03cd, \u03bc\u03b9\u03b1 \u03c4\u03b5\u03c7\u03bd\u03b9\u03ba\u03ae \u03c0\u03bf\u03c5 \u03b4\u03b7\u03bc\u03b9\u03bf\u03c5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b5\u03af \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1\u03c3\u03b7 \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1\u03be\u03cd \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03b3\u03c1\u03b1\u03bc\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03bb\u03b5\u03b3\u03ba\u03c4\u03ce\u03bd [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":14624,"featured_media":53657,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"Black Box Testing- \u0394\u03b9\u03b1\u03b4\u03b9\u03ba\u03b1\u03c3\u03af\u03b1, \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1, \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b1 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5 & \u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c3\u03cc\u03c4\u03b5\u03c1\u03b1  ","_seopress_titles_desc":"\u0391\u03c0\u03cc \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2 \u03c4\u03cd\u03c0\u03bf\u03c5\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c3\u03c5\u03bc\u03b2\u03bf\u03c5\u03bb\u03ad\u03c2, \u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03cc\u03bb\u03c0\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c0\u03c1\u03bf\u03ba\u03bb\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 Black Box Testing, \u03bc\u03ad\u03c7\u03c1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03b4\u03c9\u03c1\u03b5\u03ac\u03bd \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b5\u03c0\u03b9\u03c7\u03b5\u03b9\u03c1\u03b7\u03c3\u03b9\u03b1\u03ba\u03ac \u03b5\u03c1\u03b3\u03b1\u03bb\u03b5\u03af\u03b1 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03c4\u03bf\u03c0\u03bf\u03af\u03b7\u03c3\u03b7\u03c2 \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03b9\u03c2 \u03bb\u03af\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2 \u03b5\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c7\u03bf\u03c5, \u03bc\u03ac\u03b8\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b1 \u03c0\u03ac\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1!","_seopress_robots_index":"","_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","content-type":"","footnotes":"","beyondwords_generate_audio":"","beyondwords_integration_method":"","beyondwords_project_id":"","beyondwords_content_id":"","beyondwords_preview_token":"","beyondwords_player_content":"","beyondwords_player_style":"","beyondwords_language_code":"","beyondwords_language_id":"","beyondwords_title_voice_id":"","beyondwords_body_voice_id":"","beyondwords_summary_voice_id":"","beyondwords_error_message":"","beyondwords_disabled":"","beyondwords_delete_content":"","beyondwords_podcast_id":"","beyondwords_hash":"","publish_post_to_speechkit":"","speechkit_hash":"","speechkit_generate_audio":"","speechkit_project_id":"","speechkit_podcast_id":"","speechkit_error_message":"","speechkit_disabled":"","speechkit_access_key":"","speechkit_error":"","speechkit_info":"","speechkit_response":"","speechkit_retries":"","speechkit_status":"","speechkit_updated_at":"","_speechkit_link":"","_speechkit_text":""},"categories":[434],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-57584","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-434"},"acf":{"short_name":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57584","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/14624"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57584"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57584\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/53657"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57584"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57584"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/el\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57584"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}