{"id":29671,"date":"2022-07-08T18:11:53","date_gmt":"2022-07-08T18:11:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/kas-ir-vienibu-testesana-padzilinata-iedzilinasanas-procesa-ieguvumi-izaicinajumi-riki-un-citi-jautajumi"},"modified":"2022-07-08T18:11:53","modified_gmt":"2022-07-08T18:11:53","slug":"kas-ir-vienibu-testesana-padzilinata-iedzilinasanas-procesa-ieguvumi-izaicinajumi-riki-un-citi-jautajumi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/lv\/kas-ir-vienibu-testesana-padzilinata-iedzilinasanas-procesa-ieguvumi-izaicinajumi-riki-un-citi-jautajumi","title":{"rendered":"Kas ir vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana? Padzi\u013cin\u0101ta iedzi\u013cin\u0101\u0161an\u0101s proces\u0101, ieguvumi, izaicin\u0101jumi, r\u012bki un citi jaut\u0101jumi!"},"content":{"rendered":"

Iesp\u0113jams, esat dzird\u0113ju\u0161i, k\u0101 projektu vad\u012bt\u0101ji, kvalit\u0101tes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas speci\u0101listi un izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji str\u012bdas par vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anas priek\u0161roc\u012bb\u0101m un to, vai j\u016bsu komandai t\u0101 ir nepiecie\u0161ama. Ja \u0161is l\u0113mums ir j\u0101pie\u0146em jums, ir svar\u012bgi zin\u0101t faktus, lai j\u016bs var\u0113tu pie\u0146emt m\u016bsu projektam vispiem\u0113rot\u0101ko l\u0113mumu. <\/span><\/p>\n

T\u0101pat k\u0101 liel\u0101kajai da\u013cai programmat\u016bras nozares lietu, ar\u012b vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anai ir gan priek\u0161roc\u012bbas, gan tr\u016bkumi. Izpratne par procesu, lietojumiem, ieguvumiem un probl\u0113m\u0101m var pal\u012bdz\u0113t jums izlemt, vai j\u016bsu komandai ir nepiecie\u0161ama vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Table of Contents<\/p>\nToggle<\/span><\/path><\/svg><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n

  • Kas ir vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana?<\/a><\/li>
  • K\u0101p\u0113c mums ir nepiecie\u0161ami vien\u012bbu testi?<\/a><\/li>
  • Ko vajadz\u0113tu (un ko nevajadz\u0113tu) test\u0113t vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161an\u0101?<\/a><\/li>
  • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas priek\u0161roc\u012bbas<\/a>
    • 1. Taupa laiku un naudu<\/a><\/li>
    • 2. Uzlabo kvalit\u0101ti<\/a><\/li>
    • 3. Nodro\u0161ina dokument\u0101ciju<\/a><\/li>
    • 4. Palielina kop\u0113jo efektivit\u0101ti<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
    • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas izaicin\u0101jumi un ierobe\u017eojumi<\/a>
      • 1. Nepiecie\u0161ams vair\u0101k koda<\/a><\/li>
      • 2. Neattiecas uz vis\u0101m situ\u0101cij\u0101m<\/a><\/li>
      • 3. Apgr\u016btina p\u0101rmai\u0146as<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
      • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas veidi<\/a>
        • 1. Manu\u0101l\u0101 vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li>
        • 2. Automatiz\u0113ta vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
        • Laba vien\u012bbas testa raksturojums<\/a>
          • 1. Izol\u0113ts<\/a><\/li>
          • 2. \u0100tri<\/a><\/li>
          • 3. Konsekventa<\/a><\/li>
          • 4. Pa\u0161kontrole<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
          • \u017dargona skaidrojums: Integr\u0101cijas testi pret vien\u012bbas testiem<\/a>
            • 1. Kas ir integr\u0101cijas testi?<\/a><\/li>
            • 2. Vien\u012bbas testi pret integr\u0101cijas testiem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
            • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas metodes<\/a>
              • 1. Funkcion\u0101lo vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anas metodes<\/a><\/li>
              • 2. Struktur\u0101lo vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anas metodes<\/a><\/li>
              • 3. Uz k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m balst\u012btas vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas metodes<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
              • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas lietojumprogrammas<\/a>
                • 1. Ekstr\u0113m\u0101 programm\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li>
                • 2. Valodas l\u012bme\u0146a vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li>
                • 3. Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas ietvarstrukt\u016bras<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                • K\u0101 uzrakst\u012bt test\u0113\u0161anas gad\u012bjumu vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anai<\/a>
                  • 1. Tests, lai p\u0101rbaud\u012btu der\u012bgu atbildi<\/a><\/li>
                  • 2. Testa reakcija uz neder\u012bgu ievadi<\/a><\/li>
                  • 3. Veiciet vair\u0101kas darb\u012bbas<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                  • K\u0101 m\u0113s veicam vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anu?<\/a>
                    • 1. Identific\u0113t p\u0101rbaud\u0101mo kodeksa sada\u013cu un noteikt metodi<\/a><\/li>
                    • 2. Uzs\u0101kt testa gad\u012bjumus<\/a><\/li>
                    • 3. P\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana un p\u0101rstr\u0101d\u0101\u0161ana<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                    • Vien\u012bbas testu piem\u0113ri<\/a>
                      • 1. API vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li>
                      • 2. Automobi\u013cu r\u016bpniec\u012bba<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                      • Lab\u0101k\u0101 vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas prakse<\/a>
                        • 1. Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas pl\u0101na rakst\u012b\u0161ana un iev\u0113ro\u0161ana<\/a><\/li>
                        • 2. Apsveriet valodu<\/a><\/li>
                        • 3. Reintegr\u0101cija un regresijas p\u0101rbaude<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                        • Kam j\u0101iesaist\u0101s vien\u012bbas testos?<\/a>
                          • 1. Programmat\u016bras izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji veic vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anu<\/a><\/li>
                          • 2. Kvalit\u0101tes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas komanda<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                          • Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas kontrolsaraksts<\/a>
                            • 1. Izv\u0113lieties pareizos vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas r\u012bkus<\/a><\/li>
                            • 2. Uzst\u0101d\u012bt veiksm\u012bgai darb\u012bbai<\/a><\/li>
                            • 3. Testa kods individu\u0101li<\/a><\/li>
                            • 4. Defektu reproduc\u0113\u0161ana<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li>
                            • Secin\u0101jums<\/a><\/li>
                            • Bie\u017e\u0101k uzdotie jaut\u0101jumi<\/a>
                              • Kas ir vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana lietojumprogramm\u0101 C#?<\/a><\/li>
                              • Kas ir vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana Java vid\u0113?<\/a><\/li>
                              • Kas ir vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana programmat\u016bras in\u017eenierij\u0101?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n

                                <\/span>Kas ir vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161ana?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                                Vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana ir metode, ar kuru izol\u0113 un test\u0113 konkr\u0113tas koda vien\u012bbas, lai noteiktu katras sast\u0101vda\u013cas efektivit\u0101ti. T\u0101 viet\u0101, lai test\u0113tu programmat\u016bru, ar \u0161o metodi t\u0101 tiek sadal\u012bta maz\u0101k\u0101s da\u013c\u0101s, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu atsevi\u0161\u0137u komponentu pareiz\u012bbu.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                <\/span>K\u0101p\u0113c mums ir nepiecie\u0161ami vien\u012bbu testi?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                                T\u0101 k\u0101 vien\u012bbas testi parasti tiek veikti izstr\u0101des posm\u0101, tie \u013cauj komand\u0101m identific\u0113t un nov\u0113rst probl\u0113mas pirms programmat\u016bras izlai\u0161anas. Vien\u012bbu testi br\u012bdina izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101jus par iesp\u0113jam\u0101m k\u013c\u016bd\u0101m vai nepiln\u012bb\u0101m, kas var\u0113tu izrais\u012bt probl\u0113mas n\u0101kotn\u0113, un uzlabo visp\u0101r\u0113jo kvalit\u0101ti un veiktsp\u0113ju.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                Vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana joproj\u0101m ir nedaudz pretrun\u012bgs temats nozar\u0113. Kvalit\u0101tes nodro\u0161in\u0101\u0161anas komandas <\/span>programmat\u016bras test\u0113\u0161anas \u010dempions<\/span><\/a> bet kod\u0113t\u0101ji br\u012bdina, ka to nevajadz\u0113tu izmantot p\u0101r\u0101k bie\u017ei, un tikai da\u017eas komandas non\u0101k pie vienpr\u0101t\u012bbas. Izpratne par pla\u0161\u0101ku kontekstu var pal\u012bdz\u0113t jums izprast argumentus un pie\u0146emt j\u016bsu uz\u0146\u0113mumam piem\u0113rot\u0101ko l\u0113mumu.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                <\/span>Ko vajadz\u0113tu (un ko nevajadz\u0113tu) test\u0113t vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161an\u0101?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

                                Vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana ir r\u012bks, kuram ir laiks un vieta, t\u0101pat k\u0101 jebkuram citam programmat\u016bras efektivit\u0101tes un rentabilit\u0101tes uzlabo\u0161anas r\u012bkam. Ar to var paveikt daudz, ta\u010du ne visos gad\u012bjumos tas var b\u016bt lab\u0101kais risin\u0101jums. <\/span><\/p>\n

                                Vien\u012bbas test\u0113\u0161anas izmanto\u0161ana ir \u013coti izdev\u012bga \u0161\u0101dos scen\u0101rijos:<\/span><\/p>\n

                                  \n
                                • Pirms izvieto\u0161anas veiciet izm\u0113\u0123in\u0101juma braucienu, lai p\u0101rliecin\u0101tos, ka kods darbojas.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                • P\u0101rbaudiet darbu, lai apstiprin\u0101tu koda funkcionalit\u0101ti un identific\u0113tu iesp\u0113jamos defektus.<\/span><\/li>\n
                                • Dokument\u0113jiet procesu, lai atbalst\u012btu lab\u0101ko praksi un sekotu l\u012bdzi progresam.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                                  Var\u0113tu b\u016bt vilino\u0161i papla\u0161in\u0101t vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161anas izmanto\u0161anu, ta\u010du t\u0101s ierobe\u017eojumi var rad\u012bt ar\u012b probl\u0113mas, ja to izmantojat konkr\u0113t\u0101s situ\u0101cij\u0101s. Piem\u0113ram, veicot vien\u012bbas testu sast\u0101vda\u013c\u0101m, kas darbojas ar tre\u0161o pu\u0161u sist\u0113m\u0101m, var neb\u016bt iesp\u0113jams ieg\u016bt konsekventus vai uzticamus rezult\u0101tus. Uzdevums ir p\u0101r\u0101k sare\u017e\u0123\u012bts, lai to sadal\u012btu maz\u0101k\u0101s da\u013c\u0101s, kaut ko nezaud\u0113jot.<\/span><\/p>\n

                                  Vien\u012bbu test\u0113\u0161ana rada probl\u0113mas ar\u012b sare\u017e\u0123\u012bt\u0101s sist\u0113m\u0101s, piem\u0113ram, m\u0101ksl\u012bg\u0101 intelekta un <\/span>
                                  \n robotiz\u0113t\u0101 procesu automatiz\u0101cija (RPA).<\/span>
                                  \n<\/a>. Lai gan \u0161ajos scen\u0101rijos var veikt vien\u012bbas testus, tas ir apjom\u012bgs pas\u0101kums, un ir pieejami lab\u0101ki r\u012bki. <\/span><\/p>\n