<\/span><\/h3>\n <\/p>\n
Statisk\u0101 un dinamisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana ir divas da\u017e\u0101das programmat\u016bras p\u0101rbaudes pieejas, kur\u0101m ir savas stipr\u0101s un v\u0101j\u0101s puses, k\u0101 ar\u012b lietder\u012bbas. Tie\u0161a izv\u0113le starp vienu un otru nav re\u0101la, jo to funkcijas ir at\u0161\u0137ir\u012bgas.<\/p>\n
Statisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana ir saist\u012bta ar proakt\u012bvu darb\u012bbu un probl\u0113mu identific\u0113\u0161anu p\u0113c iesp\u0113jas \u0101tr\u0101k. Tas noz\u012bm\u0113 atrast un atrisin\u0101t probl\u0113mas, pirms t\u0101s s\u0101kas.<\/p>\n
Dinamisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana ir reakt\u012bv\u0101ka, jo t\u0101 mekl\u0113 k\u013c\u016bdas, palai\u017eot kodu. J\u0101, kopum\u0101 t\u0101 ir laikietilp\u012bg\u0101ka un resursietilp\u012bg\u0101ka nek\u0101 statisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana. Tom\u0113r t\u0101 atkl\u0101j defektus, kas cit\u0101di tiktu atkl\u0101ti, veicot tikai statisko test\u0113\u0161anu.<\/p>\n
Paties\u0101 atbilde ir t\u0101da, ka, izmantojot statisko un dinamisko test\u0113\u0161anu kop\u0101, j\u016bs varat nodro\u0161in\u0101t, ka j\u016bsu kods un saist\u012btie dokumenti ir atbilsto\u0161i pras\u012bb\u0101m un ka programmat\u016bra atbilst ieinteres\u0113to personu v\u0113lm\u0113m.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>Kas tiek p\u0101rbaud\u012bts statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101?<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n![\"Da\u017e\u0101di](\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/api-testing-1-jpg.webp\")
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Statiskaj\u0101 test\u0113\u0161an\u0101 tiek p\u0101rbaud\u012bts projekts, kods un dokumenti, kas veido j\u016bsu projektu. Izkl\u0101st\u012bsim, kas test\u0113t\u0101jiem ir j\u0101\u0146em v\u0113r\u0101, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu visaptvero\u0161u statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas pieeju.<\/p>\n
<\/span>1. Dokument\u0101cijas p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nViena no pirmaj\u0101m statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas da\u013c\u0101m ir r\u016bp\u012bga dokument\u0101cijas p\u0101rbaude. L\u016bk, da\u017ei no dokumentiem, kas tiek apl\u016bkoti mikroskop\u0101.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Biznesa pras\u012bbu dokumenti<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nTest\u0113t\u0101ji p\u0101rbaud\u012bs biznesa pras\u012bbu dokumentu un p\u0101rliecin\u0101sies, ka t\u0101s prec\u012bzi atspogu\u013co ieinteres\u0113to personu vajadz\u012bbas un atbilst biznesa m\u0113r\u0137iem.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Programmat\u016bras pras\u012bbu specifik\u0101cijas (SRS)<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nProgrammat\u016bras pras\u012bbu specifik\u0101cijas (SRS) dokument\u0101 ir aprakst\u012bta programmat\u016bras funkcija un lietder\u012bba. Statisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana p\u0101rbauda \u0161o dokumentu un p\u0101rliecin\u0101s, ka tas prec\u012bzi apraksta programmat\u016bras funkcionalit\u0101ti, tostarp atkar\u012bbas un lietot\u0101ja saskarnes.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Projekt\u0113\u0161anas dokumenti<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nTiek p\u0101rskat\u012bti ar\u012b projekt\u0113\u0161anas dokumenti, lai nodro\u0161in\u0101tu to atbilst\u012bbu pras\u012bb\u0101m un specifik\u0101cij\u0101m. Test\u0113t\u0101ji p\u0101rbauda vienot\u0101s model\u0113\u0161anas valodas (UML), datu pl\u016bsmas un arhitekt\u016bras diagrammas, lai p\u0101rliecin\u0101tos, ka t\u0101s atbilst projekta pras\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Lieto\u0161anas gad\u012bjumu dokumenti un lietot\u0101ja st\u0101sti<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nStatiskaj\u0101 test\u0113\u0161an\u0101 tiek p\u0101rbaud\u012bti ar\u012b lietot\u0101ja gad\u012bjumu dokumenti un lietot\u0101ja st\u0101sti, lai redz\u0113tu, k\u0101 tie atbilst programmat\u016bras funkcion\u0101lajiem un nefunkcion\u0101lajiem aspektiem. \u0160ajos dokumentos ir izkl\u0101st\u012bti laim\u012bgie ce\u013ci (paredz\u0113tais veiksm\u012bgais lietojums), alternat\u012bvas pl\u016bsmas, gal\u0113jie gad\u012bjumi un iesp\u0113jam\u0101s k\u013c\u016bdas.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Test\u0113\u0161anas gad\u012bjumi<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n\u0160is agr\u012bnais test\u0113\u0161anas posms ir iesp\u0113ja p\u0101rbaud\u012bt test\u0113\u0161anas gad\u012bjumus, lai p\u0101rliecin\u0101tos, ka tiem ir atbilsto\u0161s p\u0101rkl\u0101jums, resursi, piem\u0113rotas metodes, re\u0101listiski grafiki utt. Turkl\u0101t p\u0101rskatos tiks ar\u012b p\u0101rbaud\u012bts, vai testa gad\u012bjumu rezult\u0101ti ir detaliz\u0113ti un re\u0101listiski.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>2. Kodeksa p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nT\u0101l\u0101k tiks p\u0101rskat\u012bts lietojumprogramm\u0101 izmantotais kods. \u0160eit ir da\u017eas no jom\u0101m, kur\u0101m test\u0113\u0161anas komandas piev\u0113rs\u012bs uzman\u012bbu.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Sintakses k\u013c\u016bdas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nTest\u0113t\u0101ji un izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji apskat\u012bs kodu un p\u0101rbaud\u012bs, vai taj\u0101 nav sintakses k\u013c\u016bdu, p\u0101rrakst\u012b\u0161an\u0101s k\u013c\u016bdu, nepareizu main\u012bgo nosaukumu, pietr\u016bkst pieturz\u012bmju un jebk\u0101du nelielu vai lielu k\u013c\u016bdu, kas rad\u012bs k\u013c\u016bdas, kad kods tiks izpild\u012bts.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Miris kods<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nMiru\u0161ais kods, saukts ar\u012b par nesasniedzamu kodu, ir programmas avota koda da\u013ca, ko nevar izpild\u012bt vad\u012bbas pl\u016bsmas ce\u013ca probl\u0113mu d\u0113\u013c.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Neizmantotie main\u012bgie<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nStatisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana piev\u0113rs\u012bs uzman\u012bbu ar\u012b neizmantotiem main\u012bgajiem, kas ir deklar\u0113ti, bet kompilators tos nekad neizpilda.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Kod\u0113\u0161anas standartu p\u0101rk\u0101pumi<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nKod\u0113\u0161anas standarti attiecas uz paraugprakses, noteikumu un vadl\u012bniju kopumu kod\u0113\u0161anai konkr\u0113t\u0101 valod\u0101. Statisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana nodro\u0161ina, ka tiek iev\u0113rota lab\u0101k\u0101 prakse, un tas atvieglo citu lietot\u0101ju iesp\u0113jas redi\u0123\u0113t, labot un atjaunin\u0101t kodu.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Lo\u0123ikas tr\u016bkumi<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nLo\u0123ikas tr\u016bkumi var noz\u012bm\u0113t, ka avota kods darbojas nepareizi, bet nesaboj\u0101jas. Statisko p\u0101rbau\u017eu m\u0113r\u0137is ir identific\u0113t un atrisin\u0101t \u0161\u012bs probl\u0113mas pirms koda izpildes.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Datu pl\u016bsmas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nTest\u0113t\u0101ji p\u0101rbauda ar\u012b to, k\u0101 dati iepl\u016bst sist\u0113m\u0101 un izpl\u016bst no t\u0101s. \u0160\u012b p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana ietver visas datu mijiedarb\u012bbas programmat\u016br\u0101.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Kontroles pl\u016bsmas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nV\u0113l viena p\u0113t\u0101m\u0101 joma ir vad\u012bbas pl\u016bsma. \u0160aj\u0101 p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161an\u0101 tiek p\u0101rbaud\u012bta koda pazi\u0146ojumu izpildes sec\u012bba un nodro\u0161in\u0101ts, ka viss tiek veikts pareiz\u0101 sec\u012bb\u0101, lai programmat\u016bra darbotos, k\u0101 paredz\u0113ts.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Dro\u0161\u012bbas ievainojam\u012bbas<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nStatisk\u0101 test\u0113\u0161ana ar\u012b atkl\u0101s visas dro\u0161\u012bbas nepiln\u012bbas avota kod\u0101.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>Statisk\u0101s metodes programmat\u016bras test\u0113\u0161an\u0101<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n![\"rpa](\"https:\/\/www.zaptest.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/pexels-thisisengineering-3862619-jpg.webp\")
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Tagad, kad zin\u0101t, k\u0101das lietas tiek p\u0101rbaud\u012btas statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas laik\u0101, ir pien\u0101cis laiks apskat\u012bt, k\u0101 tiek veiktas \u0161\u012bs p\u0101rbaudes.<\/p>\n
Programmat\u016bras test\u0113\u0161an\u0101 ir divas galven\u0101s statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas metodes, kas jums j\u0101zina, lai \u012bstenotu visaptvero\u0161u programmat\u016bras test\u0113\u0161anu. Tie ir p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anas process un statisk\u0101 anal\u012bze.<\/p>\n
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<\/span>1. P\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anas process statiskaj\u0101 test\u0113\u0161an\u0101<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nP\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anas process ir pirm\u0101 da\u013ca, \u012bstenojot statisk\u0101s metodes programmat\u016bras test\u0113\u0161an\u0101. \u0160\u012bs darb\u012bbas m\u0113r\u0137is ir atrast un nov\u0113rst k\u013c\u016bdas programmat\u016bras projekt\u0101. Parasti statisk\u0101s test\u0113\u0161anas p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161anas proces\u0101 ir \u010detri galvenie posmi.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Neofici\u0101la p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nNeform\u0101la p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana ir tie\u0161i t\u0101, k\u0101 t\u0101 izklaus\u0101s: nestruktur\u0113ta pr\u0101ta v\u0113tra, pie kuras pie apa\u013c\u0101 galda izstr\u0101d\u0101t\u0101ji, test\u0113t\u0101ji un ieinteres\u0113t\u0101s personas var izp\u0113t\u012bt iesp\u0113jam\u0101s probl\u0113mas un izvirz\u012bt jaut\u0101jumus un ieteikumus par programmat\u016bru. T\u0101 ir iesp\u0113ja identific\u0113t jebk\u0101dus lielus tr\u016bkumus vai probl\u0113mas, pirms p\u0101riet uz n\u0101kamajiem posmiem.<\/p>\n
<\/span>P\u0101rg\u0101jieni<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nP\u0101rg\u0101jieni ir iesp\u0113ja test\u0113\u0161anas komand\u0101m iedzi\u013cin\u0101ties. Bie\u017ei vien tajos ir iesaist\u012bts jomas eksperts vai eksperti, kas izskata dokument\u0101ciju, lai p\u0101rliecin\u0101tos, ka viss atbilst uz\u0146\u0113m\u0113jdarb\u012bbas un sist\u0113mas pras\u012bb\u0101m.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Sal\u012bdzino\u0161\u0101 p\u0101rskat\u012b\u0161ana<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\nN\u0101kamaj\u0101 posm\u0101 in\u017eenieri viens otram p\u0101rbauda pirmkodu, lai noskaidrotu, vai vi\u0146i var paman\u012bt k\u013c\u016bdas, kas j\u0101nov\u0113r\u0161 pirms programmat\u016bras izpildes.<\/p>\n
<\/span>P\u0101rbaude<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n